Question

Read the following passage and answer the questions based on the passage:

Which initiative is mentioned as a game-changer in recent Olympic preparation?

India's tryst with the Olympic Games began in 1900, when Norman Pritchard, a British-Indian athlete, clinched two silver medals in athletics. However, it wasn't until the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics that India emerged as a formidable force in hockey, winning its first team gold. What followed was a golden era, where the Indian men's hockey team dominated the Olympic arena with eight gold medals between 1928 and 1980-an unmatched legacy. Despite this early excellence, India's Olympic journey has been riddled with inconsistencies. Post-1980, a conspicuous medal drought gripped the nation, exposing systemic inefficiencies: lack of infrastructure, inadequate training, and minimal grassroots scouting. Athletes often relied more on personal resilience than institutional support to achieve global recognition. The 21st century, however, has ushered in a phase of cautious optimism. With the establishment of bodies like the Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS) and increased corporate sponsorship, Indian athletes now enjoy improved access to international-level coaching, nutrition, and psychological training. The medal tallies, though modest, have seen an upward trend-symbolized by Neeraj Chopra's historic gold in javelin at Tokyo 2020. What's most heartening is the diversification of sports. No longer confined to hockey and wrestling, India is now making strides in disciplines like badminton, shooting, boxing, and athletics. Equally noteworthy is the rising representation and success of Indian women athletes, who have frequently been the torchbearers in recent Olympic outings. Yet, challenges remain. The transition from potential to podium demands long-term investment, scientific sports management, and societal encouragement that transcends cricket-centric fandom. While India's Olympic identity is still evolving, the collective ambition is clearer than ever: to transform from a participant nation into a sporting powerhouse.

• A. Mission Khel Udaan
• B. Olympic Gold Hunt
• C. Fit India Movement
• D. Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS)

Answer 1

Answer:

D. Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS)

• Reference from the Text: The passage highlights the shift in the 21st century toward "cautious optimism" and explicitly mentions: "With the establishment of bodies like the Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS) and increased corporate sponsorship, Indian athletes now enjoy improved access to international-level coaching, nutrition, and psychological training."

• Why it is the correct choice: The text identifies TOPS as a key factor that has contributed to improved support systems for Indian athletes, helping them achieve better training standards.