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A set of 51 numbers in such that if we remove the fist number, the average of the remaining numbers will be reduced by 1 from the average of all the numbers, if we remove the first and second, average be reduced by 2 from the original average of 51 numbers and so on. If average of all the 51 numbers is 1000, then which of the following is true

AThe numbers can be uniquely determined using the given data

BThere exist many sets of numbers satisfying the given conditions

CSuch a set of numbers cannot exist

DData insufficient to say anything about these numbers

Answer:

A. The numbers can be uniquely determined using the given data

Read Explanation:

Understanding the Problem

  • The question describes a scenario involving a set of 51 numbers with specific properties related to their average when elements are removed from the beginning.

  • We are given that the average of all 51 numbers is 1000.

  • The core of the problem lies in how the average changes as the first number, then the first two, and so on, are removed.

Key Mathematical Concepts

  • Average: The sum of a set of numbers divided by the count of the numbers.

  • Sum from Average: The sum of a set of numbers can be calculated by multiplying the average by the count of numbers (Sum = Average * Count).

Analyzing the Given Conditions

  • Let $S_{51}$ be the sum of all 51 numbers, and $A_{51}$ be their average. We know $A_{51} = 1000$. Therefore, $S_{51} = 51 \times 1000 = 51000$.

  • When the first number ($n_1$) is removed, there are 50 numbers remaining. The average of these 50 numbers ($A_{50}$) is $A_{51} - 1$.

  • The sum of these 50 numbers is $S_{50} = S_{51} - n_1$.

  • So, $A_{50} = \frac{S_{50}}{50} = \frac{S_{51} - n_1}{50}$.

  • We are given $A_{50} = A_{51} - 1 = 1000 - 1 = 999$.

  • Substituting the values: $999 = \frac{51000 - n_1}{50}$.

  • $999\times 50 = 51000 - n_1$

  • $\rightarrow 49950 = 51000 - n_1 $

  • $\rightarrow n_1 = 51000 - 49950 = 50$.

  • Continuing this logic for subsequent removals:

  • When the first two numbers ($n_1, n_2$) are removed, the average of the remaining 49 numbers ($A_{49}$) is $A_{51} - 2$.

  • $A_{49} = 1000 - 2 = 998$.

  • The sum of these 49 numbers is $S_{49} = S_{51} - n_1 - n_2$.

  • $A_{49} = \frac{S_{49}}{49} = \frac{S_{51} - n_1 - n_2}{49}$.

  • $998 = \frac{51000 - 50 - n_2}{49} $

  • $\rightarrow 998 \times 49 = 50950 - n_2 $

  • $\rightarrow 48902 = 50950 - n_2 $

  • $\rightarrow n_2 = 50950 - 48902 = 2048$.

  • This pattern continues. For each number removed from the front, the average decreases by 1, and the count of numbers decreases by 1.


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