Question

According to the NPDM 2009, which groups are particularly vulnerable during disasters?

• A. Economically advanced and socially dominant groups
• B. Politicians and government officials
• C. Economically disadvantaged and socially marginalized groups
• D. Foreign tourists and expatriates

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Economically disadvantaged and socially marginalized groups

The National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM), 2009, identifies several groups as particularly vulnerable to the effects of disasters. The policy specifically aims to address the concerns of these groups to ensure a more equitable and inclusive approach to disaster management.

Vulnerable Groups

• Differently-abled persons: Individuals with disabilities often face significant challenges in evacuation, accessing relief camps, and receiving appropriate care and support during and after a disaster.

• Women: Women are often disproportionately affected by disasters due to societal roles and may face increased risks of violence, lack of access to hygiene facilities, and difficulties in rebuilding their livelihoods.

• Children: Children are highly vulnerable due to their physical dependence and may be separated from their families, suffer from psychological trauma, or be at risk of disease and malnutrition in post-disaster situations.

• Other disadvantaged groups: This category includes economically disadvantaged and socially marginalized communities, such as the poor, the elderly, scheduled castes, and tribal populations. These groups often live in risk-prone areas, have limited resources to cope with disasters, and lack access to information and early warning systems.

Why are these groups vulnerable?

Their vulnerability stems from a combination of factors, including:

• Limited resources: They often lack the financial means to build strong, resilient homes or to recover quickly from losses.

• Lack of information: They may not receive timely early warnings or have access to vital information about safety measures and relief operations.

• Social exclusion: Marginalized groups may face discrimination or be excluded from official relief and rehabilitation efforts.

• Physical limitations: The elderly and differently-abled individuals may have difficulty evacuating or accessing necessary medical care.