Question

Consider the following statements about Mooney and Reiley's principles in The Principles of Organisation:

1. Coordination is the primary principle, encompassing all others as subordinate means for unified action toward common goals.

2. The scalar process involves hierarchy through leadership, delegation, and functional definition, ensuring supreme authority flow.

3. Functional differentiation equates scalar differences (e.g., generals vs. colonels) with functional ones (e.g., infantry vs. artillery officers).

• A. 1, 2 and 3
• B. 2 and 3 only
• C. 1 and 3 only
• D. 1 and 2 only

Answer 1

Answer:

D. 1 and 2 only

Mooney and Reiley's Principles of Organisation

• Coordination as the Primary Principle: Mooney and Reiley, in their seminal work The Principles of Organisation, posited coordination as the fundamental and most crucial principle. They argued that all other principles of organization serve as mechanisms to achieve effective coordination. This means that the ultimate aim of any organizational structure and its various components is to work harmoniously towards achieving the common objectives of the organization. Without coordination, other principles would be ineffective in creating a cohesive and goal-oriented entity. This concept is vital for understanding how different parts of an organization interrelate and function collectively.
• The Scalar Process: The scalar process, as defined by Mooney and Reiley, refers to the chain of command or hierarchy within an organization. This principle is characterized by:
  • Leadership: Establishing clear lines of authority emanating from the top.
  • Delegation: The downward transfer of authority from superiors to subordinates.
  • Functional Definition: Clearly outlining the roles and responsibilities at each level of the hierarchy.
  The scalar process ensures that authority flows from the highest levels of management down to the operational staff, maintaining order and accountability. This hierarchical structure is a cornerstone of traditional organizational theory and is frequently tested in administrative exams.
• Functional Differentiation vs. Scalar Differences: Statement 3 incorrectly equates scalar and functional differences. Scalar differences pertain to the levels of authority and responsibility within the hierarchy (e.g., a General has more authority than a Colonel). Functional differences, on the other hand, relate to the specific tasks or specializations performed by different units or individuals (e.g., infantry, artillery, or logistics). While both are important aspects of organization, they are distinct concepts. Mooney and Reiley emphasized that functional specialization should operate within the framework of the scalar process, not be confused with it. This distinction is critical for understanding organizational design and efficiency.