Question

Consider the following statements:

1. Fault valleys are formed when two plates collide.

2. Transform boundaries are deep fault lines.

3. Faulting of rocks does not occur at transform boundaries.

Choose the correct option:

• A. 1 and 2 are correct
• B. 1 and 3 are correct
• C. 2 and 3 are correct
• D. All are correct

Answer 1

Answer:

C. 2 and 3 are correct

Plate Tectonics and Associated Features

Understanding Fault Valleys

• Fault valleys, also known as rift valleys, are typically formed by tensional forces where the Earth's crust is being pulled apart, not by compression from colliding plates.
• When plates diverge, the crust stretches and breaks, causing blocks of land to drop down, forming a valley. The East African Rift Valley is a prime example.
• Statement 1 is incorrect because fault valleys are associated with divergent plate boundaries where tensional stress dominates.

Transform Boundaries and Fault Lines

• Transform boundaries occur where tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other.
• These boundaries are characterized by significant fault lines, which are fractures in the Earth's crust where movement has occurred.
• The San Andreas Fault in California is a classic example of a transform fault.
• Statement 2 is correct because transform boundaries are essentially large, active fault zones.

Faulting at Transform Boundaries

• Faulting, which is the displacement or movement of rock blocks along a fracture, is the defining characteristic of transform boundaries. The plates move along these faults.
• Therefore, faulting of rocks absolutely occurs at transform boundaries.
• Statement 3 is incorrect because faulting is the primary geological process at transform boundaries.