Question

From among the following subjects, which is included in the State List?

• A. Foriegn Affairs
• B. Education
• C. Jail
• D. Cyber Law

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Education

The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution: Division of Powers

• The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution is crucial for understanding the distribution of legislative powers between the Union (Central) Government and the State Governments. It contains three lists: the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.

• This division of powers is a fundamental aspect of India's federal structure, ensuring that both the Centre and States have their defined spheres of legislative authority.

The Three Lists Explained:

• Union List (List I):
  

  • This list enumerates subjects on which only the Parliament has the exclusive power to make laws.

  • Key examples: Defence, Foreign Affairs, Railways, Banking, Atomic Energy, Currency, Citizenship, Post and Telegraph, Ports.

• State List (List II):
  

  • This list includes subjects on which only the State Legislatures can make laws under normal circumstances.

  • Key examples: Public Order, Police, Public Health and Sanitation, Agriculture, Local Government, Prisons, Land, Fisheries, Gambling.

• Concurrent List (List III):
  

  • This list contains subjects on which both the Parliament and the State Legislatures can make laws.

  • In case of a conflict between a Central law and a State law on a subject in the Concurrent List, the Central law prevails.

  • Key examples: Criminal Law, Civil Procedure, Marriage and Divorce, Trade Unions, Forests, Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, Education.