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Jalanidhi's overall approach to rural water supply and sanitation, which includes GWM, is primarily characterized as:

ACentrally Planned, Supply-Driven

BTop-Down, Infrastructure-Focused

CAd-hoc, Uncoordinated

DDecentralized, Demand-Responsive

Answer:

D. Decentralized, Demand-Responsive

Read Explanation:

  • Jalanidhi (KRWSA) operates on a Community-Driven Development (CDD) model.

  • It is designed to be demand-responsive, where communities initiate the project, and decentralized, favoring local, manageable solutions over large-scale central infrastructure.


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