Question

Normal range of HbA1C :

• A. 5.7 %
• B. 3.2 – 8.5 %
• C. 4 % – 5.6 %
• D. 1.5 – 4.6 %

Answer 1

Answer:

C. 4 % – 5.6 %

• Definition: HbA1c stands for Glycated Hemoglobin. It measures the average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months.
• Mechanism: It forms when glucose in the blood sticks to the hemoglobin protein within red blood cells. The lifespan of a red blood cell is approximately 120 days, which dictates the testing window.
• Normal Range: For individuals without diabetes, the normal HbA1c level is generally considered to be below 5.7%.
• Diagnostic Criteria (ADA Guidelines):
  • Normal: Less than 5.7%
  • Prediabetes: 5.7% to 6.4%
  • Diabetes: 6.5% or higher on two separate tests
• Clinical Significance: Unlike daily finger-prick blood glucose tests, which provide a snapshot, HbA1c offers a long-term view of glycemic control.
• Exam Focus: High HbA1c levels indicate poor glycemic control, increasing the risk of diabetic complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy.