One of the merits of a Presidential System is that it generally leads to a more stable government. What is the primary reason for this stability?

AFrequent no-confidence votes

BDependence on majority support in legislature

CFixed tenure of the President

DCollective responsibility of ministers

Answer:

Presidential System

In a presidential system, the President is both the head of government and head of state.
The executive branch (led by the President) is separate from the legislature (law-making body), and the President is not accountable to the legislature

Key Features of the Presidential System

Separation of Powers: The executive (President), legislature (Congress/Parliament), and judiciary are independent of each other.
Example: In the United States, the President (executive) cannot be a member of Congress (legislature).

Fixed Tenure: The President serves a fixed term and cannot be easily removed by the legislature.
Example: In the U.S., the President serves a 4-year term and cannot be removed by a vote of no-confidence.

Veto Power: The President can block laws passed by the legislature.
Example: If the U.S. Congress passes a bill, the President can veto it, though Congress can override the veto with a two-thirds majority.
Power to Pardon: The President can forgive or reduce punishments for crimes.
Example: In 1974, U.S. President Gerald Ford pardoned former President Richard Nixon for any crimes related to the Watergate scandal.
Direct Election: The President is elected by the people or through an electoral college.
Example: In Brazil, citizens directly vote for the President.

Merits of the Presidential System

Clear Separation of Powers:

The executive, legislature, and judiciary work independently, ensuring no single branch becomes too powerful.
Example: In the U.S., the Supreme Court (judiciary) can declare laws passed by Congress or actions by the President unconstitutional.

Expert Government:

The President can appoint experts to key positions, even if they are not politicians.
Example: In the U.S., the President appoints specialists like economists or scientists to head departments like the Treasury or NASA

Stable Government:

The President’s fixed term ensures stability, as they cannot be removed easily.
Example: In Mexico, the President serves a single 6-year term with no risk of sudden removal by the legislature.

Less Party Influence:

Political parties have less control over the President, as their term is fixed.
Example: In the U.S., the President can make decisions without constant pressure from their political party.

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