Question

Consider the following statements:Which of the statements given is/are correct?

1. The process of victory of anti-colonial struggles and achievement of freedom by colonies came to be known as decolonisation.
2. These struggles were won only by means of force and violence
3. Anti-colonial struggles achieved their first success in Africa and then in Asia.

• A. None of these
• B. All
• C. 3 only
• D. 1 only

Answer 1

Answer:

D. 1 only

Colonialism

• The term colonialism is used to indicate a situation in which economically
  prosperous and developed countries of Europe established their control over the
  backward, poor and underdeveloped countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
• The basic feature of colonialism is exploitation of underdeveloped countries by the
  rich European nations. 

Decolonisation

• The process of victory of anti-colonial struggles and achievement of freedom by the colonies came to be known as decolonisation

PATTERNS OF ANTI-COLONIAL STRUGGLES 

• Most of the colonies of various European Powers had to wage struggle for their
  independence.
• However, there was no uniform pattern of these struggles, nor a common method of the struggle.
• Their nature often differed sharply and the time taken by a movement to be successfbl depended on many factors like :
  • Determination of Ieadership
  • Support of the people
  • Attitude of the colonial power concerned.
• In many countries, protest against colonial rule had existed right from
  the time of arrival of colonial rulers.
• In other countries like Ghana (Gold Coast),Nigeria,  Congo, Angola, etc. such movements began much after many of the Asian countries had already become free.