The fundamental challenge in e-governance authentication lies in balancing security with sustainability. Systems must be robust enough to protect against cyber threats and fraud while remaining accessible and affordable to maintain in the long run. This involves ongoing investment in technology, security protocols, and user support. Authorities must also prioritize the integrity of every transaction to build and maintain the trust of citizens in digital services. Failure to do so can lead to a significant decline in the adoption and effectiveness of e-governance initiatives.