Given below are the steps in scientific method. Find the correct sequence.
(i) defining the problem
(ii) analysing data
(iii) proposing tentative solution
(iv) sensing the problem
(v) drawing conclusion
(vi) collecting data
A(iv), (i), (iii), (vi), (ii), (v)
B(iv), (iii), (i), (vi), (v), (ii)
C(i), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (ii)
D(iii), (iv), (i), (ii), (vi), (v)
Answer:
A. (iv), (i), (iii), (vi), (ii), (v)
Read Explanation:
The Scientific Method: A Systematic Approach
Understanding the Steps
- Sensing the Problem (iv): This initial stage involves recognizing that a problem or phenomenon exists, often through observation or curiosity. It's the spark that ignites the scientific inquiry.
- Defining the Problem (i): Once a problem is sensed, it needs to be clearly and precisely defined. This involves formulating a specific question that the research aims to answer. A well-defined problem is crucial for guiding the entire investigation.
- Proposing a Tentative Solution (Hypothesis) (iii): Based on existing knowledge and the defined problem, a possible explanation or prediction is formulated. This is known as a hypothesis. It's a testable statement that offers a potential answer to the research question.
- Collecting Data (vi): This is the experimental phase where relevant information is gathered to test the hypothesis. This can involve experiments, surveys, observations, or reviewing existing literature. Careful and accurate data collection is vital for reliable results.
- Analyzing Data (ii): Once data is collected, it needs to be organized, summarized, and analyzed to identify patterns, trends, and relationships. Statistical methods are often employed during this stage to interpret the findings objectively.
- Drawing Conclusion (v): Based on the data analysis, a conclusion is drawn about whether the hypothesis is supported or refuted. This step involves interpreting the results in the context of the original problem and may lead to further research or refinement of the hypothesis.
Key Aspects for Competitive Exams
- The scientific method is a cornerstone of empirical research across various disciplines.
- Understanding the logical sequence of these steps is often tested in competitive exams that cover general science, research methodology, or specific subject areas.
- The ability to differentiate between sensing a problem and defining it, or between proposing a hypothesis and drawing a conclusion, is frequently assessed.
- Memorizing the order and purpose of each step is essential for answering questions related to experimental design and scientific inquiry.