Question

The Harappan civilization stretched across the region ranging from :

• A. the eastern part of Pakistan to Punjab in India, and from Rajasthan in the north to the Godavari valley in the south
• B. the central region of India to the western coast, and from Gujarat in the north to the Southern peninsula
• C. the western part of Pakistan to Alamgirpur in Uttar Pradesh, and from Kashmir in the north to the Narmada valley in the south
• D. the southern part of Pakistan to Delhi in India, and from the Arabian Sea in the west to the Himalayan region in the east

Answer 1

Answer:

C. the western part of Pakistan to Alamgirpur in Uttar Pradesh, and from Kashmir in the north to the Narmada valley in the south

• Sir John Marshall was the director of the Archaeological Survey of India, an excavation was undertaken in 1921

• The excavations revealed that a civilization had existed in the valleys of the river Indus and its tributaries.

• Hence, this civilization came to be known as the Indus valley civilization.

• The first excavation was conducted in Harappa in the present Pakistan.

• It was led by Daya Ram Sahni.

• Since the first evidence for the Indus valley civilization was obtained from Harappa, this civilization is also known as the Harappan civilization.

• It was R D Banerji, who led the excavations in Mohenjodaro in the present Pakistan

• The Harappan civilization stretched across the region ranging from the western part of Pakistan to Alamgirpur in Uttar Pradesh, and from Kashmir in the north to the Narmada valley in the south.

• The period of this civilization is generally placed between BCE 2700 and BCE 1700.

• The cities Harappa, Mohenjodaro, and Lothal all had two parts.

• In Kalibangan in Rajasthan farming was done by ploughing the land.

• Lothal was one of the centres of maritime trade.

• They collected copper from the mines of Khetri in the present Rajastan and tin from the present Afghanistan and central Asia. Copper was mixed with tin to produce bronze