Question

The term "pleiotropy" refers to

• A. One gene affects multiple traits
• B. Multiple genes affect one trait
• C. Gene mutation in one allele
• D. Gene duplication

Answer 1

Answer:

A. One gene affects multiple traits

• Definition: Pleiotropy is a genetic phenomenon where a single gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits.

• Mechanism: This occurs because the gene product (usually a protein or RNA) performs functions in different tissues, signaling pathways, or developmental processes throughout the organism.

• Clinical Significance: Many genetic disorders exhibit pleiotropy, where a mutation in one gene results in a syndrome characterized by various symptoms across different organ systems.