Question

What is the historical origin of Bharatanatyam, and what cultural system is it believed to have evolved from?

• A. Bharatanatyam evolved from the Natyashastra, and it was originally performed by royal courts.
• B. Bharatanatyam evolved from the Devadasi system, where female dancers performed in temples and royal courts.
• C. Bharatanatyam originated from the folk dances of Rajasthan and was introduced in the 19th century.
• D. Bharatanatyam has no historical ties to religious rituals and was created as a modern theatrical art form.

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Bharatanatyam evolved from the Devadasi system, where female dancers performed in temples and royal courts.

Bharatanatyam Originally a solo dance form, Bharatanatyam was traditionally performed by female dancers. However, in modern times, it is also practiced by couples. Believed to have evolved from the Devadasi system, its movements resemble the flickering of a flame, embodying elements of fire. This dance form incorporates both fundamental aspects: Tandava (symbolizing strength and vigor) and Lasya (representing grace and expressiveness). Bharatanatyam places strong emphasis on hand gestures (mudras) to convey emotions, with a single dancer often portraying multiple roles. Iconic Bharatanatyam poses can be seen carved on the Gopurams of the Chidambaram temple. The accompanying music typically features a vocalist, veena, flute, and cymbals. One of the key texts for understanding the technique and grammar of Bharatanatyam’s body movements is the Abhinaya Darpana by Nandikesvara.