AIncreased anxiety during exams
BLow confidence
CFrustration with learning tasks
DApathy towards academic pursuits
Answer:
B. Low confidence
Read Explanation:
Understanding Dyslexia and its Emotional Impact
Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that primarily affects a person's ability to read, spell, and write. It is neurological in origin, meaning it stems from differences in brain structure and function, not from low intelligence or poor schooling.
Individuals with dyslexia often struggle with phonological awareness (the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds in language), rapid naming, and working memory, which can make learning to read and spell particularly challenging.
The constant struggle with academic tasks, especially reading and writing, can lead to significant emotional consequences. One of the most common and prominent emotional effects is low confidence or low self-esteem.
Reasons for Low Confidence:
Academic Frustration: Despite often having average or above-average intelligence, dyslexic individuals may find themselves lagging behind peers in reading and writing, leading to feelings of frustration and inadequacy.
Social Comparison: Comparing their struggles with the seemingly effortless learning of their peers can cause a sense of being 'different' or 'not smart enough'.
Negative Feedback: Repeated academic setbacks or negative feedback from teachers or peers can further erode self-belief.
Beyond low confidence, other emotional and social effects of dyslexia can include anxiety (especially around schoolwork or tests), frustration, stress, and sometimes even depression or behavioral issues due to unmet needs.
Early identification and intervention are crucial to mitigate these emotional effects. Providing appropriate support, accommodations, and a positive learning environment can significantly improve a dyslexic individual's self-esteem and academic outcomes.
Key Facts for Competitive Exams:
Dyslexia is the most common type of learning disability, affecting approximately 10-15% of the population, though estimates vary.
It is not a vision problem; it is a language-based learning difference.
Dyslexia often runs in families, indicating a genetic component.
Notable individuals with dyslexia include Albert Einstein, Leonardo da Vinci, Agatha Christie, and Steven Spielberg, highlighting that intelligence is independent of dyslexia.
The term 'dyslexia' was coined by German ophthalmologist Rudolf Berlin in 1887.
In educational psychology, dyslexia falls under the umbrella of Specific Learning Difficulties (SpLD).