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Which of the following correctly matches the scholar with their key focus and situational variables in their contingency model?

AFred Fiedler – Focus on leadership effectiveness; situational variables include leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

BJoan Woodward – Focus on department differentiation; situational variables include market uncertainty, technological complexity, environmental stability

CPaul Lawrence & Jay Lorsch – Focus on organizational structure based on technology only

DFred Fiedler – Focus on organizational structure and technology fit

Answer:

A. Fred Fiedler – Focus on leadership effectiveness; situational variables include leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

Read Explanation:

  • Fred Fiedler’s model centers on leadership effectiveness, proposing that success depends on matching leadership style (task-oriented or relationship-oriented) with situational favorableness, determined by leader-member relations, task structure, and position power.

  • Joan Woodward focused on how technology type determines organizational structure, classified as unit/small batch, mass production, or continuous flow.

  • Paul Lawrence & Jay Lorsch emphasized the balancing of differentiation (specialization) and integration (coordination) within departments based on environmental conditions such as market uncertainty, technological complexity, and environmental stability.

Related Questions:

The "S" principle stands for Subsystem Interdependence. What does this mean?

The characteristic feature of classical theory that views human motivation solely through material rewards is rooted in the concept of the:

Consider the following statements.
Assertion (A): Private administration focuses on profit as its primary objective.
Reason (R): Public administration’s objectives are often measurable in monetary terms and checked by accountancy methods.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

  1. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

  2. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

  3. (A) is true, but (R) is false.

  4. (A) and (R) are false.

Consider the following statements about Public Administration:

  1. It is concerned with the formulation and implementation of public policies for the welfare of the people.

  2. It exists within a political system to achieve goals set by political decision-makers.

  3. It is exclusively limited to the executive branch of government, as per all scholars.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

The classical theory of administration reached its zenith with the publication of papers by which two key thinkers in 1937?