Question

Which of the following countries has a bell-shaped age sex pyramid?

• A. Australia
• B. Nigeria
• C. Both (A) and (B)
• D. None of these

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Australia

Understanding the Bell-Shaped Population Pyramid

• A bell-shaped population pyramid represents a population that is stable or experiencing slow, steady growth.
• Characteristics:
  • The pyramid base is relatively narrow compared to an expansive pyramid (typical of developing nations).
  • The width of the pyramid remains roughly consistent from the younger age groups through the middle age groups, indicating a balance between birth rates and death rates.
  • The top narrows gradually, reflecting a higher life expectancy and a significant elderly population.
• Demographic Significance: This shape indicates a developed country where fertility rates are close to the replacement level (approximately 2.1 children per woman).
• Typical Examples: Countries like USA, Australia, and many nations in Western Europe exhibit this characteristic bell shape.
• Comparison with Other Shapes:
  • Expansive (Triangular): Indicates rapid population growth (e.g., Niger, Nigeria, Ethiopia).
  • Constrictive (Urn-shaped): Indicates a shrinking population with a narrow base and high proportion of elderly (e.g., Japan, Germany, Italy).