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Which of the following statements highlight essential characteristics of a comprehensive disaster response?

  1. A comprehensive disaster response integrates efforts for restoring damaged facilities and re-establishing livelihoods.
  2. Effective disaster response relies on a central command and control hub for coordination and the use of pre-defined guidelines.
  3. The use of spatial data systems like GIS is an outdated approach in modern disaster response.
  4. Disaster response primarily focuses on immediate relief, with long-term rehabilitation being a separate, non-related phase.

    Ai, ii

    Bii, iii

    Cഇവയൊന്നുമല്ല

    Di, iii

    Answer:

    A. i, ii

    Read Explanation:

    A truly comprehensive disaster response is multifaceted and holistic, addressing immediate crises while laying the groundwork for long-term recovery. It involves a coordinated approach that integrates search and rescue, health interventions, technological tools (like GIS for damage assessment and logistics), robust communication systems, and strategic planning. Crucially, it extends beyond immediate relief to include extensive restoration and rehabilitation efforts, aiming to not just alleviate suffering but also help communities rebuild stronger and more resilient lives. This integrated approach ensures that all aspects of human need and societal recovery are considered.

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    Identify the correct statements regarding the scope of participation and locations in mock exercises.

    1. Mock exercises typically involve exercising multiple agencies and stakeholders simultaneously.
    2. They are always conducted at a single, isolated site.
    3. Geographically separated locations cannot be simulated in a mock exercise.
    4. Participants are expected to tackle challenging problems that mirror probable consequences of the assumed disaster.
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      Consider the following statements about Tsunami characteristics and their impact.

      1. Tsunamis are a series of powerful ocean waves created by the abrupt displacement of a large volume of seawater.
      2. These waves have the ability to travel only short distances across oceans.
      3. Upon reaching coastal areas, tsunamis cause a highly destructive surge on land.
      4. The term 'tsunami' refers to a single, unusually large wave.

        Which of the following statements correctly describe the triggering mechanisms of snow avalanches?

        1. 'Direct action' avalanches are typically triggered by immediate factors, such as new snowfall or a sudden load.
        2. 'Delayed action' avalanches occur instantaneously after the initial stress is applied.
        3. All snow avalanches are exclusively 'direct action' types, meaning they only occur with an immediate trigger.
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