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Which of the following types of disasters are mentioned as potential causes or contributing factors to epidemics?

  1. Tropical storms
  2. Floods
  3. Earthquakes
  4. Droughts
  5. Volcanic eruptions

    Aഇവയൊന്നുമല്ല

    B1, 2, 3, 4

    C2, 5

    D1 മാത്രം

    Answer:

    B. 1, 2, 3, 4

    Read Explanation:

    • Natural disasters like tropical storms, floods, earthquakes, and droughts often disrupt public health infrastructure, displace populations, compromise sanitation systems, and limit access to clean water and healthcare. These conditions create fertile ground for the rapid spread of infectious diseases, leading to or exacerbating epidemics. For instance, contaminated water after floods can cause cholera outbreaks.


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    1. A drought is defined as a significant excess in rainfall over a specific period.
    2. A drought signifies a rainfall deficiency relative to the statistically established long-term average for a particular region.
    3. Droughts are always caused solely by human activities like deforestation.

      Regarding structural mitigation measures, which of the following statements is/are true?

      1. Engineered structures are designed and built by qualified architects and engineers to enhance disaster resistance.
      2. Non-engineered structures are typically built by local communities using traditional knowledge and are generally disaster-resistant.
      3. Bridges and dams are examples of non-engineered structures.
      4. The construction of new facilities designed to withstand seismic activity falls under engineered structures.