Question

Which one of the following is not related to Ayyankali?

• A. Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha
• B. Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham
• C. Kallumala Agitation
• D. Pulaya Mahasabha

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha

• Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha (PRDS) was founded by Poikayil Yohannan (Kumara Guru) in 1909 as a spiritual and social movement for the liberation of the marginalized and depressed classes. It is not associated with Ayyankali.

• Ayyankali founded the Sadhu Jana Paripalana Sangham (SJPS) in 1907 to promote the educational, social, and economic upliftment of the depressed classes, particularly the Pulaya community.

• Ayyankali spearheaded the historic Kallumala Agitation (Perinad Revolution) in 1915, which fought for the right of lower-caste women to wear upper garments and discard the traditional stone-bead necklaces (kallumala).

• Ayyankali was closely associated with the Pulaya Mahasabha, which served as an early organizational platform for advocating the rights and social equality of the Pulaya community.