Question

Who formulated the Dhwani Theory?

• A. Bharata
• B. Anandavardhana
• C. Abhinavagupta
• D. Kalidasa

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Anandavardhana

Dhwani Theory and Anandavardhana

• Anandavardhana formulated the Dhwani (Suggestion) Theory in his famous work Dhvanyaloka (9th century CE).

• The Dhwani Theory emphasizes that the true essence of poetry lies not in its literal meaning but in the suggested (implied) meaning.

• According to Anandavardhana, poetry is most powerful when it evokes emotions (rasa) through suggestion (dhwani) rather than direct expression.

This theory greatly influenced classical Indian aesthetics, shaping the understanding of poetry, drama, and literary beauty.