Question

Who is credited with authoring the Natyashastra, the ancient treatise that forms the foundation of Indian classical dance?

• A. Valmiki
• B. Kalidasa
• C. Bharata Muni
• D. Tulsidas

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Bharata Muni

The Natyashastra, authored by Bharat Muni, lays down the foundational principles of Indian classical dance. This art form is enriched by contributions from all four Vedas: Pathya (words) comes from the Rigveda. Abhinaya (gestures) is derived from the Yajurveda. Geet (music) originates from the Samaveda. Rasa (emotions) is influenced by the Atharvaveda. Indian classical dance is based on two fundamental aspects: Tandava, representing masculine energy, power, and strength. Lasya, embodying grace, expression (bhava), emotion (rasa), and gesture (abhinaya), reflecting feminine qualities. There are 108 mudras (hand gestures) and nine rasas (emotions) that define classical dance. The essence of dance can be expressed through the equation: NRITTA (pure dance movements) + NATYA (expressions) = NRITYA (complete dance, conveying emotions and sentiments).