Question

Who was the leader of the Anti-Apartheid Movement in South Africa?

• A. Desmond Tutu
• B. Steve Biko
• C. Nelson Mandela
• D. Mirza Ghulam Ahmad

Answer 1

Answer:

C. Nelson Mandela

South African liberation

Anti-Apartheid Movement (1940s-1990s)

• The African National Congress (ANC), led by figures like Nelson Mandela, Oliver Tambo, and Walter Sisulu, waged a decades-long struggle against apartheid, using nonviolent resistance, armed struggle, and international diplomacy.

Sharpeville Massacre (1960)

• Police killed 69 unarmed black protesters in Sharpeville, sparking international outrage and intensifying anti-apartheid activism

Codesa Negotiations (1991-1993)

• The ANC, National Party, and other parties engaged in multiparty talks, culminating in the country's first democratic elections and the transition to majority rule.

Mandela's Presidency (1994-1999)

• Nelson Mandela became South Africa's first black president, leading the Government of National Unity and overseeing the establishment of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address apartheid-era human rights abuses.