Question

Who were the founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in 1848?

• A. William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, James Collinson
• B. Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais
• C. Walter Pater, Edward Burne-Jones, A.C. Swinburne
• D. Thomas Woolner, Robert Buchanan, Oscar Wilde

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB)

Founding Members and Key Aspects

• The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was founded in 1848 by three English painters: Dante Gabriel Rossetti, William Holman Hunt, and John Everett Millais.
• The group aimed to reform what they saw as the formulaic and degraded style of art prevalent in the Royal Academy.
• They sought inspiration from the detailed realism and vibrant color they believed characterized Italian art before the time of Raphael, hence the name "Pre-Raphaelite."
• Key tenets of the PRB included:
• Painting directly from nature, eschewing idealized or conventional studio practices.
• A focus on intense detail and bright, unmixed colors.
• The selection of subjects from medieval literature, religious themes, and contemporary moral issues, often with symbolic undertones.
• The PRB initially consisted of seven core members, including the three founders and four other associates: William Michael Rossetti (brother of Dante Gabriel), F. G. Stephens, Thomas Woolner, and James Collinson.
• The movement caused considerable controversy upon its public debut due to its radical departure from academic conventions.
• Despite its short official lifespan (the PRB dissolved around 1853), its influence on subsequent art movements, particularly Aestheticism and the Arts and Crafts Movement, was significant.
• William Holman Hunt is known for works like 'The Light of the World' and 'The Awakening Conscience'.
• John Everett Millais achieved early fame with 'Christ in the House of His Parents' (often called 'The Carpenter's Shop'), which drew significant criticism. Later, he became a successful and popular painter.
• Dante Gabriel Rossetti is also renowned as a poet and became a leading figure in the second phase of the movement, influencing poets like Swinburne. His work 'The Blessed Damozel' is a prime example.