Identify the correct statements regarding the thermal stratification layers in a lake during summer.

1. The epilimnion is the upper layer, characterized by warm, circulating water, rich in nutrients, and supporting phytoplankton growth.
2. The metalimnion is the intermediate layer where water temperature decreases sharply with increasing depth.
3. The hypolimnion is the bottom layer, which is cold, non-circulating, and typically low in oxygen but rich in nutrients.
4. Phytoplankton predominantly grow in the hypolimnion due to high nutrient availability.

Which of the following statements accurately describe summer stratification in temperate lakes?

1. Summer stratification is pronounced in temperate lakes due to the rapid mixing of water layers.
2. Temperate lakes retain well-defined temperature layers that do not mix rapidly during summer.
3. Tropical lakes exhibit pronounced summer stratification because their layers mix slowly.
4. Summer stratification is rare in deep tropical lakes.

Which of the following statements about dissolved oxygen in lake ecosystems is correct?

1. Dissolved oxygen is generally higher in stagnant lake waters compared to flowing lotic systems.
2. The oxygen content in lakes typically decreases with depth.
3. Only the surface layer of a lake interacts with atmospheric oxygen.
4. Decomposition of organic matter does not affect dissolved oxygen levels.

Regarding the factors influencing zonation in lake ecosystems, which statement is correct?

1. Horizontal zonation in lakes is solely determined by the direct influence of sunlight and temperature.
2. Vertical zonation is a direct result of temperature, sunlight, and oxygen gradients.
3. The distribution of lake organisms does not play a role in horizontal zonation.
4. Dissolved oxygen levels are uniform at all depths in a lake.

Which of the following statements accurately describe the characteristics of lake ecosystems?

1. Lake ecosystems, unlike lotic ecosystems, are characterized by static water bodies.
2. Light penetration in lakes is consistently uniform throughout the water column.
3. Dissolved oxygen levels in lakes are typically higher than in lotic systems due to greater surface area contact with air.
4. Vertical zonation in lakes is primarily influenced by variations in temperature, sunlight, and dissolved oxygen.

Consider the definition of wetlands. Which statement is incorrect?

1. Wetlands can be saturated with water periodically.
2. Wetlands can be artificially created.
3. Wetlands are exclusively land areas completely submerged in water permanently.
4. The water covering wetlands can be up to a depth of 6 meters.

What type of water is typically found in Coastal wetlands?

1. Only freshwater.
2. Saline or brackish water.
3. Purely desalinated water.
4. Water with varying salinity levels.

Which of the following are examples of Inland wetlands?

1. Mangrove swamps
2. Bogs
3. Mangrove Forests
4. Swamps

Identify the correct classification of wetlands based on their location and water type.

1. Inland wetlands are found near the coast and contain saline water.
2. Coastal wetlands are located inland and contain freshwater.
3. Inland wetlands are characterized by freshwater and are situated away from the coast.
4. Coastal wetlands are found near the coast and contain saline or brackish water.

Which of the following statements accurately describes wetlands?

1. Wetlands are areas that are permanently or periodically covered by water.
2. Wetlands can only be natural formations and cannot be artificial.
3. The water in wetlands can be fresh, brackish, or saline.
4. Wetlands are defined as lands saturated with water up to a depth of 10 meters.

Which statement accurately describes 'offstem' reservoirs?

1. Offstem reservoirs are constructed in low land areas by pumping water from a river or underground source.
2. Offstem reservoirs are typically located in upland regions and created by damming.
3. The water source for offstem reservoirs is always a natural spring.

What distinguishes 'onstem' reservoirs from 'offstem' reservoirs?

1. Onstem reservoirs are located in upland areas and formed by damming rivers, while offstem reservoirs are in lowlands and use pumped water.
2. Onstem reservoirs rely on pumping water, whereas offstem reservoirs are naturally formed.
3. There is no significant difference between onstem and offstem reservoirs.

Identify the type of reservoir typically found in India.

1. In India, 'onstem' reservoirs are predominantly found.
2. 'Offstem' reservoirs are the most common type in India.
3. Reservoirs in India are exclusively formed by pumping water from underground sources.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of impoundments?

1. Impoundments are built to meet specific requirements like hydroelectric power generation and water supply.
2. The primary function of impoundments is to serve as natural habitats for wildlife only.
3. Impoundments are solely for recreational activities.

What are artificial lakes created by humans called?

1. Artificial lakes created by humans, both small and large, are referred to as Reservoirs or Impoundments.
2. Impoundments are exclusively natural formations.
3. Reservoirs are only built for water supply purposes.

What is a region where lakes are grouped together called?

Which of the following is given as an example of a crater lake?

What are lakes formed in the crater depression of extinct volcanoes called?

What geological activities can lead to the formation of tectonic lakes?

How old are Lake Baikal and Lake Tanganyika estimated to be?

Lake Baikal in Russia and Lake Tanganyika in Africa are examples of what type of lakes based on their origin?

Which of the following are examples of lentic ecosystems?

Which type of ecosystem includes a static body of water?

How is the information on the India Stack Global portal made accessible to a global audience?

Which project within Health & Wellness focuses on public health and digital healthcare services?

What does Aadhaar represent within India Stack Global?

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key component of India Stack Global?

What is the primary purpose of India Stack Global?

How is India Stack Global made accessible to a global audience?

The U-WIN platform is associated with which sector mentioned in the India Stack Global initiative?

Which category do projects like eOffice, eCourt, and UMANG fall under within India Stack Global?

Which platform serves as a national digital infrastructure for teachers and students in India?

What does UPI stand for in the context of India Stack Global?

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key component of India Stack Global?

What is the primary goal of the India Stack Global initiative?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the nature of API Setu?

1. It is a closed system exclusively for internal government use.
2. It is an open platform that facilitates secure and reliable information sharing.
3. It is primarily a social networking platform for government officials.
4. It is a policy document outlining data sharing regulations.

What is the role of API Setu in promoting innovation?

1. It empowers developers to create new services and applications by providing a foundation for data exchange.
2. It limits the use of data to only essential government functions.
3. It requires all new applications to be developed in-house by government IT departments.

Which ministry is responsible for the API Setu platform?

1. The Ministry of Electronics and IT (MeitY).
2. The Ministry of Home Affairs.
3. The Ministry of Finance.

What is the primary objective of API Setu?

1. To create an interoperable digital platform enabling seamless service delivery by breaking down data silos across government departments.
2. To restrict data sharing between government departments to ensure security.
3. To serve as a centralized database for all citizen information.

As of May 2025, approximately how many partners are associated with API Setu?

API Setu is a result of which government policy?

What is the main objective of API Setu?

Which ministry is responsible for API Setu?

What is API Setu?

How does MeriPehchaan help in protecting users from fraudulent websites?

What are some of the parameters used by MeriPehchaan to authenticate users?

1. e-Pramaan and DigiLocker.
2. Username, mobile number, Aadhaar, and PAN.
3. Jan Parichay and e-Shram.
4. Reduced costs and increased productivity.

Consider the following statements:

(1) The Chairman of the SPSC is not eligible for any other employment under the Government of India or a state after their term.

(2) The SPSC’s annual report includes a memorandum explaining cases where its advice was not accepted.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

(1) The Governor can exclude certain posts and services from the SPSC’s consultation through regulations.

(2) The SPSC is consulted on claims for pensions due to injuries sustained by state civil servants.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Consider the following statements:

(1) The President can remove an SPSC member for misbehaviour after an enquiry by the Supreme Court.

(2) The SPSC’s recommendations are advisory and not binding on the state government.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Which of the following is a key advantage of MeriPehchaan for users?

1. Users need to remember multiple usernames and passwords.
2. It helps users create separate accounts for each service.
3. It provides users with a single set of credentials to access multiple services, improving convenience.
4. It centralizes the management of user identities for fraudulent websites.