Practice Questions

The brain is broadly divided into three regions: forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. The forebrain mainly consists of cerebrum. The midbrain does not have any further divisions. The hindbrain consists of three centres called pons, cerebellum and medulla.

Cerebellum consists of large mass having ridges and furrows, situated above and behind the medulla and attached to cerebrum. It regulates muscular movement for locomotion. It is a part of brain.

It regulates the muscular movement for locomotion.

<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The human brain can be divided into three main parts: the forebrain, the midbrain, and the hindbrain.</li>
<li>The forebrain is the largest part and includes important structures such as the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.</li>
<li>The cerebrum is responsible for complex functions such as thinking, memory, and voluntary muscle movements.</li>
<li>The thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex.</li>
<li>The hypothalamus regulates vital functions like temperature control, hunger, and hormone secretion.</li>
<li>The midbrain is smaller and controls vision, hearing, eye movement, and body movement.</li>
<li>The hindbrain includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata.</li>
<li>The cerebellum is crucial for coordination and balance.</li>
<li>The pons acts as a bridge connecting different parts of the brain and helps in controlling breathing.</li>
<li>The medulla oblongata regulates essential functions such as heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure.</li>
</ul>

Frontal lobe is a part of the brain that controls important cognitive skills in humans. It is the largest of four major lobes and is located at the front of the brain.

Fluid filled cavity in the brain is called as ventricles. It contains cerebrospinal fluid. Within each ventricle is a region of choroid plexus.

The Corpus callosum is a thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemisphere. It connects the left and right sides of the brain for communication between both hemispheres.

The outer covering of the brain is called the cerebral cortex. It is covered with nerve cells.

Cerebellum receives information from the sensory systems. It helps in balance and coordination

Reflex action is an involuntary and instantaneous movement in response to the stimulus. A reflex is made possible by neural pathways called reflex arcs which can act on an impulse before that impulse reaches the brain.

Astrocytes are star shaped glial cells of the central nervous system. They are supporting and nutritive cells found in brain.

There are 12 cranial nerves, 10 of which emerge directly from the brain stem. These nerves are responsible for a number of sensory functions - sight, hearing, smell, taste - and innervate muscles in the face and throat that control functions such as eye and tongue movement, chewing, swallowing and facial expression. The fifth cranial nerve, also called the trigeminal nerve, supplies the facial muscles used for chewing where as the seventh cranial nerve, also called the facial nerve, supplies the muscles used in facial expressions such as smiling.

The medulla oblongata is located in the lower part of the brain stem and is responsible for maintaining basic human functions that keep us alive such as regulating breathing, heartbeat and blood pressure. The pons also plays a role regulating breathing. The thalamus relays sensory information such as pain and temperature from the spinal cord and cerebellum to the cerebral cortex, while the hypothalamus controls functions such as regulating body temperature and release of hormones.

The parietal lobe, located behind the frontal lobe, is responsible for integrating sensory and visual information and is critical to how we perceive our world. Damage to right parietal lobe can cause problems recognising the left side of our body, planning basic tasks such as how to dress ourselves, read maps, draw shapes, recognise objects or do arithmetic. Damage to the left parietal lobe causes problems such as telling left from right, an inability to write or count and speech disorders.

Named after German neurologist Carl Wernicke, this small area located on the left hemisphere of the brain where the parietal and temporal lobes meet, is important for the comprehension of language. It is connected to Broca's area named after French surgeon Paul Broca, which is also involved in language comprehension and in the production of meaningful sentences.

The primary motor area is located at the back of the frontal lobe where it joins the parietal lobe. Stimulation of neurons on the left side of this area of the brain will result in movement on the right side of your body and vice versa.

The cerebral cortex, the largest part of the cerebrum, is divided into four areas - the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes. The cerebral cortex is responsible for high level skills such as intelligence, personality and planning as well as sensory perception and motor function. The cerebellum, which is the second largest part of the brain, sits at the base of the brain. It is very important for motor coordination, posture and balance. A third part of the brain, the brain stem, controls many of the body's automatic functions.

The brain is made up of three primary areas - the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. The forebrain consists of the cerebrum and the top part of the brainstem. The midbrain, made up of the middle part of the brainstem, joins the forebrain to the hindbrain. The hindbrain includes the bottom part of the brain stem and the cerebellum. The foramen magnum is the hole in the base of the skull where the bottom of the brain stem, the medulla oblongata, meets the spinal cord.

Grey matter, which makes up about 40 per cent of the brain, is responsible for processing information. White matter, which makes up about 60 per cent of the brain, is important for transmitting information from one part of the central nervous system to another. While we often associate the phrase 'using our grey matter' for intelligence, recent research has found that both grey and white matter is important for intellectual skill. Men use more grey matter from right across the brain for intellectual functions, whereas women use more white matter. Most of the white and grey matter used by women is located in the frontal lobes.

It is located mainly in the frontal lobes

It is the dominant type of nervous tissue in the brain

Grey matter is made up of nerve cells (neurons) and capillaries held together by a network of glial cells, which provide support, protection and nutrition to neurons as well as help transmit electrical impulses from neuron to neuron. It is estimated that glial cells outnumber neurons by about 10 to 1.Dura mater is one of three membranes (meninges) that physically protect the brain.

Direct the sound waves into the hearing part of the ear

Translate these fluctuations into an electrical signal that the brain can understand

Protects us from microbes and the elements

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