In psychology, the term for the accuracy with which a test measures what it is supposed to measure is validity:
Definition
Validity is the degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure. It refers to how well the assessment tool actually measures the underlying outcome of interest.
Explanation
Validity also refers to the degree to which evidence, clinical judgment, and theory support interpretations of a measure score.
Related concepts
Reliability is another concept related to testing and assessment. Test developers are responsible for reporting the reliability estimates that are relevant for a particular test.