Question

Consider the following statements regarding Principles of Investigation:

I. It is important to base decisions on facts rather than opinions, involving the collection and classification (or analysis) of facts.

II. Prudence dictates that such investigation should be undertaken by individuals who are able to interpret facts in the light of expert knowledge.

III. The process of investigation solely focuses on the collection of facts, without any need for analysis or expert interpretation.

• A. Only I and II are correct
• B. Only II and III are correct
• C. Only I and III are correct
• D. All are correct

Answer 1

Answer:

A. Only I and II are correct

Core Principles of Investigation

• Fact-Based Decision Making: A fundamental principle of any investigation is to base conclusions and decisions on verifiable facts rather than on personal beliefs or assumptions. This involves a systematic process of gathering relevant information (data collection) and then organizing and examining this information to understand its meaning and implications (analysis). This ensures objectivity and reliability in the investigative process.
• Expertise in Interpretation: Investigations often deal with complex data that requires specialized knowledge to interpret accurately. It is crucial that individuals conducting the investigation possess or have access to expert knowledge relevant to the subject matter. This expertise allows for a deeper understanding of the facts, identification of patterns, and the drawing of sound conclusions. For example, forensic investigations rely on scientific experts (e.g., pathologists, chemists, digital forensic analysts) to interpret evidence.
• Analysis is Integral: Statement III is incorrect because the process of investigation is not solely about collecting facts. Effective investigation requires a critical analysis of these facts. This analysis involves comparing facts, identifying discrepancies, and drawing logical inferences. Without analysis and interpretation, collected facts remain raw data with limited value.

Relevance to Administration and Examinations

• In administrative contexts, sound investigations are vital for informed decision-making, policy development, and problem-solving.
• Understanding these principles is often tested in competitive examinations to assess a candidate's grasp of logical reasoning, critical thinking, and the methodical approach required in various professional roles.