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Robert Owen is often regarded as the "Father of Personnel Management". Which of the following actions he took in his textile mills best demonstrates his pioneering ideas on human relations in industry?

AImplementing an elaborate system of statistical records to monitor factory output.

BUrging for a bonus payment to workers based on their individual efficiency.

CAdvocating for a combination of engineers and economists as industrial managers.

DIntroducing shorter working hours, housing facilities, and educational opportunities for workers' children.

Answer:

D. Introducing shorter working hours, housing facilities, and educational opportunities for workers' children.

Read Explanation:

  • Robert Owen believed that a worker's performance was influenced by their working conditions and how they were treated. He managed a group of textile mills where he applied his ideas of human relations by providing shorter working hours, housing facilities, and education for children. His approach, though considered paternalistic, led to his recognition as the "Father of Personnel Management".

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An engineer with a high level of expertise in a specific manufacturing process, who is now tasked with supervising a small team of technicians, would be primarily using which type of management skill?
F.W. Taylor's concept of "Mental Revolution" is a crucial element of scientific management. What is the central idea of this concept?

Consider the following statements regarding the characteristics of management as a profession:

  1. A profession is a highly specialized field requiring technical skills, but not necessarily a formal body of knowledge.
  2. Management has been historically viewed as a profession but has become less so over time due to the influence of various scientific theories.
  3. The rise of management as a profession has led to a separation of ownership and management, where managers, who are not necessarily owners, are hired to run the organization based on their expertise.

    Frederick Winslow Taylor's scientific management proposed several core principles. Which of the following accurately represents one of his principles?

    1. Taylor advocated for 'Rule of thumb, not science' in management decisions to allow for greater flexibility.
    2. One of his fundamental principles was 'Co-operation, not individualism,' emphasizing mutual effort and teamwork between management and labor.
    3. He believed in 'Restricted output, in place of maximum output' to prevent worker burnout and ensure job security.
    4. The 'mental revolution' primarily meant workers competing fiercely to maximize their individual wages, rather than cooperating.

      Consider the following statements regarding the purpose of organization as per management theory:

      1. An organization is a group of people who cooperate with each other for achieving certain common objectives.
      2. The purpose of an organization is to create and produce something useful and desired by society.
      3. The purpose of an organization is solely to create a formal structure with a clear hierarchy and division of labor, irrespective of its output.