A species that is confined to a specific area and not found anywhere else is called an endemic species. Endemic species are native to a specific habitat within a given area. They are usually isolated by geographical barriers.
There are two main types of endemic species:
Paleoendemic species: Also known as relict species, these are ancient species that were once widespread but are now found in a much smaller area.
Neoendemic species: These are newly evolved species that arise due to reproductive isolation.
