Question

Which of the following correctly describes key features of the classical Indian dance form Odissi?

• A. It originated in Tamil Nadu and is based solely on martial movements and fast footwork.
• B. It was traditionally performed by Gotipuas in temples and features rigid, linear body movements.
• C. It traces back to the 2nd century BCE with archaeological evidence in the Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves, and is characterized by postures like Chowk and Tribhanga.
• D. It was performed exclusively in royal courts and uses no instrumental accompaniment.

Answer 1

Answer:

C. It traces back to the 2nd century BCE with archaeological evidence in the Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves, and is characterized by postures like Chowk and Tribhanga.

Archaeological evidence traces Odissi back to the 2nd century BCE, with depictions found in the Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves in Bhubaneswar. The dance form is rooted in the principles of the Natyashastra and Abhinaya Darpana. Traditionally, Maharis—temple dancers—were the primary practitioners and custodians of Odissi. Later, a group of male dancers known as Gotipuas was trained in the art. Another variation of this dance, called Nartala, continued to be performed in royal courts. The movement technique is centered around two fundamental postures: Chowk – a square stance representing masculinity Tribhanga – a three-bend posture embodying femininity Expressive hand gestures (mudras) and fluid torso movements are essential elements of Odissi. The Odissi orchestra typically includes a Pakhavaj player, flutist, sitar player, manjira (cymbals) player, and a vocalist.