Question

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the art and significance of Yaksha and Yakshini sculptures during the Mauryan period?

• A. They were exclusively Buddhist deities worshipped in rock-cut caves.
• B. They were small votive figures used in household rituals across South India.
• C. They represent nature spirits associated with fertility and wealth, often shown in polished, monumental sculptures such as the Didarganj Yakshi.
• D. They were primarily mythological demons feared in Vedic literature and rarely depicted in art.

Answer 1

Answer:

C. They represent nature spirits associated with fertility and wealth, often shown in polished, monumental sculptures such as the Didarganj Yakshi.

The popular art of the Mauryan period is best represented by sculptures of Yakshas and Yakshinis, which were depicted in various forms. Yakshas and Yakshinis: Meaning and Significance Yakshas are nature spirits, often considered benevolent and associated with fertility. Yakshinis are their female counterparts. Both are believed to serve Kubera, the Hindu god of wealth, who resides in the mythical Himalayan city of Alaka. The term Yaksha also refers to one of the exotic tribes of ancient India. They are regarded as guardians of natural treasures and hold significance in Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist traditions. Sculptural Depictions Large Yaksha and Yakshini statues have been discovered at sites such as Patna, Vidisha, and Mathura. These monumental sculptures are typically shown in a standing position. A distinctive feature of these images is their highly polished surface, characteristic of Mauryan craftsmanship. The facial expressions are depicted in full round with prominent cheeks and detailed physiognomy. Notable Example One of the finest examples is the Didarganj Yakshi from Patna—a tall, well-proportioned figure showcasing a refined understanding of the human physique. The sculpture is renowned for its smooth, polished surface and elegant form.