Question

Which of the following was a new agricultural practice introduced during the Green Revolution?

• A. Use of traditional seeds
• B. Use of modern irrigation techniques
• C. Reliance on animal labour
• D. Organic farming methods

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Use of modern irrigation techniques

Green Revolution in Agriculture

Background

The Green Revolution was a period of significant agricultural advancement that began in the mid-20th century. It aimed to increase global food production, particularly in developing nations. India was a major beneficiary of this revolution, experiencing a substantial boost in its food grain output.

Key Innovations Introduced

• High-Yielding Varieties (HYVs) of Seeds: The development and widespread adoption of HYVs for crops like wheat and rice were central. These seeds, often a product of cross-breeding, were more responsive to fertilizers and produced significantly more grain per plant.

• Chemical Fertilizers: To maximize the potential of HYVs, the use of synthetic fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) became essential. These provided the necessary nutrients for rapid growth and high yields.

• Pesticides and Herbicides: Increased crop density and monoculture practices necessitated the use of pesticides to protect crops from pests and diseases, and herbicides to control weeds that competed for resources.

• Modern Irrigation Techniques: Ensuring a consistent and adequate water supply was critical for the success of HYVs and the intensive farming practices. This included the expansion and modernization of irrigation systems, such as canals, tube wells, and sprinkler systems. This was a crucial factor in overcoming the limitations of traditional rain-fed agriculture.

• Mechanization: The adoption of tractors, harvesters, and other farm machinery increased efficiency and reduced labor requirements in large-scale farming operations.