Consider the following about the powers and duties of the Election Commission:
The Election Commission can disqualify candidates for failing to submit election expense accounts.
The Election Commission can advise the President and Governors on post-election disqualifications.
The Election Commission regulates the party symbol allotment and conducts a quasi-judicial function in party disputes.
Regarding the Election Commission’s power under Article 329 of the Constitution, which of the following statements are correct?
Courts cannot question the validity of laws relating to delimitation of constituencies.
Election results can be challenged only through election petitions as provided by the legislature.
Elections to local bodies can be challenged in the Supreme Court directly.
Identify the factors contributing to the poverty in Kerala.
- High unemployment rate among educated individuals.
- Easy access to economic opportunities for the majority of the population.
- Increasing inequality between the rich and the poor.
- Proximity to forest areas is a high correlate of poverty.
What are the reasons for poverty in Kerala?
- Poor people belonging to marginalized communities struggle to find proper employment.
- Economic opportunities in Kerala are abundant for all educated professionals.
- Regions with fewer educational institutions and hospitals have a higher proportion of people below the poverty line.
- Rural Kerala reports lower poverty rates than urban areas.
Which factors are identified as contributing to poverty in Kerala?
- High rates of unemployment among educated professionals.
- Easy access to basic services in all parts of Kerala.
- Growing inequality between the rich and the poor.
- Lack of correlation between poverty index and social disadvantage.
What are the primary reasons for poverty in Kerala?
- The state has failed to create sufficient job opportunities despite economic exposure and remittances.
- Inequality between the rich and the poor is decreasing in Kerala.
- Rural poverty rates are lower than urban poverty rates in Kerala.
- There is a strong correlation between poverty and proximity to forest areas.
Identify the factors contributing to Kerala's poverty.
- Marginalized communities often face difficulties in securing proper employment.
- Kerala has a low unemployment rate, which is a positive sign for its economy.
- Inaccessibility of resources and services leads to higher poverty rates in certain regions.
- Kerala's economy has seen a decline in foreign remittances.
Which of the following are identified as factors contributing to poverty in Kerala?
- High unemployment rates despite a large number of educated professionals.
- Inaccessibility of basic services like hospitals and educational institutions in certain areas.
- Increasing levels of inequality between the rich and the poor.
- Strong correlation between poverty index and socially disadvantaged groups, unlike other states.
Based on the HCES 2022-23, what can be inferred about Kerala's household spending on food?
- In Kerala, the share of food in total consumption expenditure is the highest in rural areas among all states.
- Kerala's rural households spend the lowest percentage of their total expenditure on food, at 36%.
- In urban areas, Kerala has the highest recorded share of food expenditure.
- Kerala's low spending on food, both in rural and urban areas, indicates a shift towards non-essential goods and services.
Identify the key findings of the HCES 2022-23 regarding Kerala's consumption expenditure.
- Kerala has the lowest Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE) in rural areas among all Indian states.
- Kerala records the highest MPCE in rural areas across India, with Rs 5,924.
- Kerala exhibits the largest urban-rural difference in MPCE among Indian states.
- The urban-rural difference in MPCE in Kerala is only 19%, indicating balanced consumption.
What does the HCES 2022-23 data reveal about household spending patterns, particularly concerning food items?
- Both urban and rural households are spending a larger proportion of their budget on food items compared to previous surveys.
- The data indicates a decrease in the share of expenditure on food items for both urban and rural households.
- This shift in spending suggests a rise in disposable income and a diversification of consumption.
- The primary spending for non-food items in 2022-23 was on durable goods.
Analyze the findings of the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) 2022-23 regarding consumption expenditure.
- The HCES 2022-23 data shows an increase in income levels for both urban and rural households since 2011-12.
- Rural households experienced a sharper growth in spending compared to urban households according to the survey.
- The average monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) for rural households increased from Rs 1,430 in 2011-12 to Rs 3,773 in 2022-23.
- The survey indicated a narrowing gap between the rich and the poor.
Evaluate the recommendations made by the Rangarajan Committee regarding poverty estimation in India.
- The Rangarajan Committee recommended a higher poverty threshold than the Tendulkar Committee.
- The Rangarajan Committee suggested a poverty line of Rs 47 per day for urban areas and Rs 33 per day for rural areas.
- The Government of India accepted and implemented the Rangarajan Committee's poverty estimates.
- The Rangarajan Committee was formed to review and revise the poverty estimation methods.