Kerala recorded which of the following features in the HCES 2022-23?

The Household Consumption Expenditure Survey (2022-23) showed that average Monthly Per Capita Consumption Expenditure (MPCE)

Despite higher thresholds by the Rangarajan Committee, poverty estimation in India still relies on:

Which combination correctly represents the poverty line thresholds recommended by the two committees?

The poverty incidence in India reduced from 54.9% in 1973-74 to 29.5% in 2011-12. Which official institution reported this decline?

ചുവടെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന പ്രസ്താവനകളിൽ നിന്നും സമ്പർക്കബലത്തിൻറെ ഉദാഹരണങ്ങൾ ഏതെല്ലാം ?

1. കാറ്റിൽ ആടിയുലയുന്ന ഇലകൾ
2. ട്രോളി തള്ളുന്നു
3. മാങ്ങ താഴേക്ക് വീഴുന്നു
4. കാന്തം ആണിയെ ആകർഷിക്കുന്നു

ചുവടെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്നവയിൽ നിന്നും ശരിയായ പ്രസ്താവന / പ്രസ്താവനകൾ ഏതെല്ലാം ?

1. വാഹനങ്ങളിൽ, സഞ്ചരിച്ച ദൂരം കാണിക്കുന്ന ഉപകരണമാണ് ഓഡോമീറ്റർ.
2. വാഹനങ്ങളുടെ വേഗം കാണിക്കുന്ന ഉപകരണമാണ് സ്പീഡോമീറ്റർ.
3. ഓഡോമീറ്ററിൽ സഞ്ചരിച്ച ദൂരം രേഖപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത് കിലോമീറ്ററിലായിരിക്കും.

Which of the following best characterizes the service sector compared to the industrial sector?

1. Output is intangible and cannot be stored physically.

2. Strong dependence on human interaction and knowledge.

3. Output is mainly tangible products manufactured from raw materials.

With reference to limitations of the primary sector, consider the following:

1. It depends heavily on natural resources like land and weather.

2. It can expand its output nearly without limits by capital and technology additions.

3. It is subject to diminishing returns due to reliance on a fixed factor.

ചുവടെ കൊടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന പ്രസ്താവനകളിൽ ശരിയല്ലാത്ത പ്രസ്താവന / പ്രസ്താവനകൾ തിരഞ്ഞെടുക്കുക

1. ചുറ്റുപാടിനെ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് സ്ഥാനം മാറുന്നവ നിശ്ചലാവസ്ഥയിലാണ്.
2. ചുറ്റുപാടിനെ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് സ്ഥാനം മാറാത്തവ ചലനാവസ്ഥയിലാണ്
3. കറങ്ങുന്ന ജയന്റ് വീലിൽ ഇരിക്കുന്ന കുട്ടി തൊട്ടടുത്തിരിക്കുന്ന കുട്ടിയെ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് നിശ്ചലാവസ്ഥയിലായിരിക്കും.

Which of the following belong to the knowledge-based quaternary sector of services?

1. Information Technology (IT) and software services

2. Data analysis and research services

3. Construction and real estate activities

4. Education, R&D, and innovation services

The "dual structure" of Kerala’s service-led growth refers to:

1. The ability of the service sector to contribute strongly to both growth and development.

2. The simultaneous presence of inequality, as service income is unevenly distributed.

3. The equal pace of growth in both industry and service sectors.

Consider the following statements about Kerala’s employment structure compared to all-India (2023-24):

1. Kerala has a smaller share of its workforce in the primary sector than the national average.

2. The share of employment in the service sector is higher in Kerala compared to India.

3. The secondary sector employs a much larger share in Kerala than in India.

Which of the following correctly explain demand-side reasons for sectoral shifts in the economy?

1. Income elasticity of demand for food is high, so demand for agricultural goods rises faster than income.

2. Demand for industrial goods and services rises sharply with higher incomes.

3. Even as incomes rise, food demand increases only marginally.

Assertion (A): The North-Eastern Zonal Council includes Sikkim as one of its member states.

Reason (R): The North-Eastern Zonal Council was established under the States Reorganisation Act of 1956.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

In the context of Kerala’s economic structure, which of the following are correct?

1. The share of the primary sector in GSVA has been consistently declining from 2020-21 to 2023-24.

2. The secondary sector’s share has increased significantly during the same period.

3. The tertiary sector’s share has been steadily increasing.

With reference to the growth of the service sector globally, consider the following statements:

1. The trend of services dominating GDP was first explained by economists Fisher (1935) and Colin Clark (1940).

2. Service sector growth is measured mainly in terms of its contribution to GDP and employment.

3. In most developing economies, services have always been the largest contributor to GDP.

Assertion (A): The Home Minister of the Central Government is the chairman of all Zonal Councils.

Reason (R): The Chief Ministers of the states in each zone act as vice-chairmen on a rotational basis for a term of one year.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Assertion (A): Zonal Councils are statutory bodies established to promote inter-state cooperation and coordination.

Reason (R): They were created under the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 to address issues like economic development and law and order.

Select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Which of the following is/are correct regarding the advisors to the Zonal Councils?

i. A person nominated by the NITI Aayog is associated with the Zonal Council as an advisor.

ii. The Development Commissioner of each state in the zone has voting rights in the council meetings.

iii. The Chief Secretary of each state in the zone is an advisor to the Zonal Council.

“Modern Fiction “ is an essay by

ചുവടെ നല്കിയവയിൽ നിന്നും അവലംബക വസ്തുവിനെ കുറിച്ച് ശരിയായ പ്രസ്താവനകൾ ഏതെല്ലാം ?

1. ഒരു വസ്തുവിന്റെ ചലനാവസ്ഥയോ, നിശ്ചലാവസ്ഥയോ നിർണ്ണയിക്കുന്നതിന് അടിസ്ഥാനമാക്കുന്ന വസ്തുവാണ് അവലംബക വസ്തു.
2. അവലംബകവസ്തുവിനെ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് സ്ഥാനം മാറുന്നുവെങ്കിൽ, ഒരു വസ്തു ചലനത്തിലായിരിക്കും.
3. അവലംബകവസ്തുവിനെ അപേക്ഷിച്ച് സ്ഥാനം മാറുന്നില്ലെങ്കിൽ, ഒരു വസ്തു നിശ്ചലാവസ്ഥയിലായിരിക്കും

Which of the following are distinctive characteristics of the service sector compared to primary and secondary sectors?

1. Production of intangible goods like advice, experience, and attention.

2. Heavy reliance on human skill, interaction, and knowledge.

3. Ability to be physically stored and transferred like tangible goods.

4. Contribution to productivity and sustainability of other sectors.

With reference to Kerala’s unique growth pattern, consider the following:

1. Kerala followed the traditional structural growth model where industry boomed before services.

2. In Kerala, the service sector leads growth, with industry lagging behind.

3. Kerala’s growth is marked by a dual structure—simultaneously driving development and inequality.

Consider the following statements about structural transformation of economies:

1. In underdeveloped economies, the primary sector remains the largest contributor to national income.

2. In advanced economies, the service sector becomes the largest contributor to GDP.

3. A key reason for the decline of the primary sector is its dependence on a fixed factor like land, leading to diminishing returns.

Which of the following are the major sub-sectors classified under the tertiary or service sector in the Indian economy?

1. Trade, hotels, and restaurants

2. Transport, storage, and communication

3. Financing, insurance, and business services

4. Community, social, and personal services

5. Mining, quarrying, and construction

In the context of sectoral contribution to Gross Value Added (GVA), which of the following trends are observed in Kerala compared to India (2023-24)?

1. Kerala’s primary sector contribution to GVA is higher than the all-India average.

2. The secondary sector contribution is more or less similar in both Kerala and India.

3. Kerala’s service sector contribution to GVA is much higher than the national average.

ബലത്തിന്റെ യൂണിറ്റ് എന്താണ് ?

The perimeter of an equilateral triangle is 24 centimetres. Its area in square centimetres is

The surface area of a cube is 216 sq centimetres. Its volume in cu. centimetres is :

Which of the following is/are correct regarding the North-Eastern Zonal Council?

i. It includes Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Sikkim.

ii. Its headquarters is located in Shillong.

iii. It operates under the same legal framework as the other five Zonal Councils.

Which of the following is/are correct regarding the objectives and functioning of Zonal Councils?

i. Zonal Councils are deliberative and advisory bodies with no executive powers.

ii. The councils consider factors like river systems, cultural affinity, and economic development while being formed.

iii. Each Chief Minister in a Zonal Council serves as the chairman for a fixed term of two years.

Articles 256 and 257 reflect which nature of Indian federalism?

Which of the following is/are correct regarding the composition of Zonal Councils?

i. Each Zonal Council includes the Chief Ministers of all states in the zone and two other ministers from each state.

ii. The Chief Secretary of each state in the zone has voting rights in the Zonal Council meetings.

iii. Administrators of Union Territories in the zone are members of the respective Zonal Council.

As per Article 257(4), if States incur extra costs while carrying out Union directions on communication or railway protection, the:

Which of the following is/are correct regarding the Zonal Councils established under the States Reorganisation Act of 1956?

i. The Zonal Councils are statutory bodies created to promote cooperation and coordination among states.

ii. The Home Minister of the Central Government acts as the chairman of all five Zonal Councils.

iii. The North-Eastern Zonal Council was established under the same Act as the other five Zonal Councils.

Which of the following is specifically mentioned in Article 257(3)?

According to Article 257(2), the Union Government can issue directions to a State regarding:

Article 257(1) states that the executive power of every State shall be exercised in such a manner that it does not:

Which statement correctly describes the Metalimnion?

1. The Metalimnion is the uppermost layer, characterized by warm, circulating water.
2. It lies below the Hypolimnion, acting as the transition zone to the surface water.
3. The Metalimnion forms the intermediate layer of the lake, marked by a steep fall in temperature.
4. This layer is known for its high oxygen content due to constant mixing with the atmosphere.

Which of the following is NOT a technique adopted by the Constitution for Centre-State administrative coordination?

Regarding the Epilimnion layer, which of the following statements is correct?

1. It is the bottom-most layer of the lake, characterized by cold, nutrient-poor water.
2. The Epilimnion is the upper layer of the lake, containing freely circulating warm water.
3. It is well-aerated primarily due to decomposition processes occurring at the bottom.
4. The Epilimnion is well-lit but typically poor in dissolved oxygen.

Consider the characteristics of the Hypolimnion layer in a stratified lake. Which statement is accurate?

1. The Hypolimnion is the upper, circulating layer rich in oxygen and nutrients.
2. The Hypolimnion is the bottom layer characterized by cold temperatures and low oxygen levels.
3. Decomposition processes in the Hypolimnion consume nutrients and produce oxygen.
4. The temperature in the Hypolimnion experiences a steep fall with increasing depth.

If a State fails to comply with directions issued under Article 256, what is the ultimate sanction available to the Union?

Which of the following statements is true with respect to Article 257 of the Indian Constitution?

What is the primary purpose behind the Centre issuing directions to the States under Article 256?

What are the key factors contributing to pronounced thermal stratification in lakes during summer?

1. Increased solar intensity during summer heats the surface layer significantly, while lower layers remain cooler.
2. The rapid mixing of water layers by strong winds prevents the formation of distinct temperature gradients.
3. The thermally stratified layers offer resistance to mixing by wind, helping to maintain the temperature differences.
4. A decrease in solar radiation during summer leads to the formation of thermal gradients.

Under which Article can the Union government issue directions to a State to ensure compliance with laws made by Parliament?

Which of the following statements accurately describe summer stratification in temperate lakes?

1. Summer stratification is a phenomenon where lakes develop distinct temperature layers.
2. In temperate regions, thermal stratification is rare and only occurs in very deep lakes.
3. The top meter of the water surface absorbs approximately 90% of solar radiation, leading to its significant heating.
4. Tropical lakes exhibit pronounced summer stratification due to slow mixing rates.

The winner of the 2024 Nobel prize in literature