Question

Match the Behavioral Theorist with the Concept they are most : List I (Theorist) List II (Concept)

Herbert Simon	Fusion Process Theory (with Argyris
Douglas McGregor	Theory X and Theory Y
Chris Argyris	Administrative Behaviour (Cognitive
E.W. Bakke	Immaturity-Maturity Theory

• A. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
• B. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
• C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
• D. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

Answer 1

Answer:

D. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1

Behavioral Theorists and Their Core Concepts

• Herbert Simon: Primarily known for his work on bounded rationality and decision-making processes in organizations. He argued that individuals make decisions that are rational, but within the limits of the information they have, their cognitive limitations, and the finite amount of time they have to make a decision. His seminal work, Administrative Behavior (1947), explored these concepts, emphasizing the cognitive aspects of administrative action rather than purely economic rationality.
• Douglas McGregor: Famous for introducing Theory X and Theory Y in his book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960).
• Theory X: Assumes employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and must be coerced, controlled, directed, or threatened with punishment to get them to put forth adequate effort. Management style based on Theory X is authoritarian.
• Theory Y: Assumes employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play. People will exercise self-direction and self-control if they are committed to the objectives. Management style based on Theory Y is participative.
• Chris Argyris: Developed the Immaturity-Maturity Theory, which focuses on the developmental path of individuals within organizations. He proposed that individuals tend to progress from a state of immaturity (passive, dependent, subordinate, and having shallow interests) to maturity (active, independent, subordinate, and having deeper interests) as they develop. He also co-authored work on the Fusion Process Theory with Herbert Simon, exploring how individual needs and organizational goals can be integrated.
• E.W. Bakke: Contributed to organizational theory by focusing on the Fusion Process and the concept of organizational behavior as a result of the interaction between individual needs and organizational demands. His work emphasized how an organization attempts to fuse the goals and activities of the individuals within it. While not solely attributed to him, his ideas significantly influenced the understanding of integrating individual and organizational needs.

Note for Exam Preparation: Understanding the foundational theories of these prominent behavioral scientists is crucial for topics related to organizational behavior, management principles, and administrative decision-making in various competitive examinations.