Question

An example of classical conditioning is

1. Rat presses lever for delivery of food
2. Dog learns to salivate on hearing bells
3. Pigeon pecks at key for food delivery
4. none of these

• A. All
• B. 2 only
• C. None of these
• D. 3, 4

Answer 1

Answer:

B. 2 only

• An example of classical conditioning, a learning process discovered by Ivan Pavlov, involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response.

  Example: Pavlov's Dog Experiment

  1. Before Conditioning:

     • Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): Food naturally causes salivation (Unconditioned Response, UCR) in a dog.

     • Neutral Stimulus (NS): A bell does not cause salivation.

  2. During Conditioning:

     • The bell (NS) is repeatedly paired with the presentation of food (UCS).

  3. After Conditioning:

     • The bell becomes a Conditioned Stimulus (CS), and the dog begins to salivate (Conditioned Response, CR) when hearing the bell, even without food present.