Question

Which of the following statements is/are correct about Fundamental Rights?

(i) Some Fundamental Rights apply to Indian citizens alone

(ii) All Fundamental Rights apply to both Indian Citizens and foreigners equally

• A. Only (ii)
• B. Only (1)
• C. Only (i) and (ii)
• D. None of the above

Answer 1

Answer:

B. Only (1)

Fundamental Rights

Some fundamental rights are indeed available exclusively to Indian citizens, while others are available to both citizens and foreigners. Therefore, statement (ii) is incorrect, as not all fundamental rights apply to foreigners equally.

Fundamental Rights available only to citizens of India:

• Article 15: Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.

• Article 16: Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.

• Article 19: Protection of six rights regarding freedom of speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.

• Article 29: Protection of interests of minorities.

• Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions.

Fundamental Rights available to both citizens and foreigners:

• Article 14: Equality before the law and equal protection of laws.

• Article 20: Protection in respect of conviction for offenses.

• Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty.

• Article 21A: Right to elementary education.

• Article 22: Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

• Article 23: Prohibition of trafficking in human beings and forced labor.

• Article 24: Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.

• Article 25: Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion.

• Article 26: Freedom to manage religious affairs.

• Article 27: Freedom from paying taxes for the promotion of any particular religion.

• Article 28: Freedom from attending religious instruction.