ASummative tests
BStandardised achievement tests
CPortfolio-based assessments
DCloze tests
Answer:
C. Portfolio-based assessments
Read Explanation:
The correct answer is (C) Portfolio-based assessments.
Portfolio-based assessments are collections of a student's work over time. They are ideal for measuring interlanguage development because they capture a learner's progress across different skills and at various stages. By analyzing a portfolio, an instructor can see how a student's language skills are evolving, identify patterns of errors, and observe which grammatical structures or vocabulary they have successfully acquired. Interlanguage, by its very nature, is a dynamic system, and a portfolio provides a longitudinal record of its development.
Why the Other Options Are Less Suited :
(A) Summative tests are typically given at the end of a unit or course to measure overall achievement. They provide a snapshot of a student's knowledge at one specific point, not the process of development over time.
(B) Standardised achievement tests are designed to measure a learner's proficiency against a norm. While they can show progress, they are not tailored to capture the specific, idiosyncratic, and developmental errors that characterize interlanguage. They often focus on what a student can do, rather than the developmental path of their linguistic system.
(D) Cloze tests are used to measure reading comprehension and overall language proficiency by asking students to fill in missing words in a text. While they can be a component of a test, they do not provide a rich enough body of evidence to track the complex, systematic development of a learner's interlanguage over a long period.