Which of the following is/are correct about the scope and application of Articles 358 and 359?
Article 358 automatically suspends Article 19 fundamental rights during a National Emergency declared on the grounds of war or external aggression.
Article 359 empowers the President to suspend enforcement of Fundamental Rights during both external and internal emergencies.
Article 359 allows suspension of enforcement of right to life and personal liberty (Article 21).
Which of the following statements regarding National Emergency in India are correct?
National Emergency has been declared three times in India’s history.
The first National Emergency was declared due to internal armed rebellion.
The 42nd Amendment made the declaration of Emergency immune from judicial review.
Regarding the duration and parliamentary approval of President's Rule, which statements are correct?
President's Rule lasts initially for six months after Parliamentary approval.
It can be extended beyond one year only if National Emergency is in operation and the Election Commission certifies difficulties.
Parliamentary approval for continuation of President’s Rule requires a special majority.
Regarding suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency, which are correct?
Article 358 suspends the six Fundamental Rights in Article 19 automatically only during emergencies due to war or external aggression.
Article 359 can suspend enforcement of fundamental rights only during Financial Emergency.
Neither Article 358 nor Article 359 suspends enforcement of Articles 20 and 21.
Consider the following statements:
The President can revoke the proclamation of National Emergency without Parliament’s approval.
During National Emergency, the executive power of the Centre can direct the states on any matter.
The laws made by Parliament on State List subjects during National Emergency remain valid even after six months of the Emergency ending.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
Consider the following statements related to Parliamentary approval of Financial Emergency:
It must be approved within two months by both houses of Parliament.
Once approved, it continues indefinitely without need for repeated approval.
It requires special majority approval for continuation.
Which are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding Judicial Review during Emergency:
The 38th Amendment barred judicial review of proclamation of Emergency or President’s Rule.
The 44th Amendment restored the power of judicial review on Emergency proclamations.
Supreme Court’s Minerva Mills case upheld that National Emergency proclamation is immune from judicial scrutiny.
Which are correct?
Consider the following about effects of National Emergency:
The President can modify the distribution of revenues between Centre and States during Emergency.
The life of Lok Sabha can be extended for a maximum of three years during Emergency.
State legislatures get suspended during National Emergency.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Consider the following statements:
Article 355 obliges the Centre to protect states from external aggression and internal disturbance.
The first state to have President’s Rule imposed after Constitution came into force was Kerala.
The President can assume powers of state High Court during President’s Rule.
Which are correct?