Statement I: Strategic planning is operational and short-term.

Statement II: Tactical planning is more detailed than strategic planning.

Statement I: Decision-making is the essence of administration.

Statement II: Simon introduced the concept of bounded rationality.

Statement I: Informal communication is always harmful to administration.

Statement II: Informal networks can enhance coordination.

Statement I: Unity of direction ensures coordination in organizations.

Statement II: It means every employee reports to multiple superiors.

Statement I: Organizational culture shapes employee behavior.

Statement II: It is easy to change organizational culture overnight.

Statement I: Ethics in administration ensure fairness and justice.

Statement II: It may be ignored without consequences.

Statement I: Communication in administration is only top-down.

Statement II: Horizontal and upward communication are also essential. Answer: B Explanation: Effective communication is multi-directional.

Statement I: Public organizations are purely profit-driven.

Statement II: Non-profit organizations serve social goals without profit motives.

Statement I: Organizational change is often resisted due to uncertainty.

Statement II: Change management includes strategies to minimize resistance.

Statement I: Authority flows upwards, while responsibility flows downward.

Statement II: Delegation involves assigning responsibility and authority. Answer: B Explanation:

Statement I: Agile management encourages flexibility and responsiveness.

Statement II: It is unsuitable for technology-based environments.

Statement I: Leadership styles do not affect organizational culture.

Statement II: Transformational leaders promote innovation. Answer: B Explanation:

Statement I: MIS improves decision-making by providing timely information.

Statement II: It replaces the need for managerial judgement.

Statement I: TQM promotes short-term goals over long-term strategies.

Statement II: TQM emphasizes continuous quality improvement.

Statement I: Contingency theory promotes a one-size-fits-all model.

Statement II: It suggests that structure and strategy should align with the environment.

What is the correct order of needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Statement I: Span of control refers to time taken to complete tasks.

Statement II: It is actually the number of subordinates a supervisor can manage effectively.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the original five levels in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

In Maslow’s model, what must generally occur before a person can focus on esteem needs?

According to Maslow, which of the following is considered a higher-order need?

Which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs comes immediately after 'Safety' needs?

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is the most basic human need?

Statement I: Accountability is integral to good governance.

Statement II: Transparency strengthens administrative accountability.

What is meant by 'Cogs' ?

Statement I: Accountability is integral to good governance.

Statement II: Transparency strengthens administrative accountability.

Statement I: Leadership and management have identical functions.

Statement II: Leaders inspire people, managers coordinate resources.

Douglas McGregor is related with which of the following theories ?

Abraham Maslow is best known for developing the concept of

The Hawthorne Studies, which contributed to neo-classical administrative theories, were conducted by:

Which of the following is NOT associated with the neo-classical approach in management?

What was the primary focus of neo-classical administrative theory?

Statement I: Behavioral theory ignores individual needs.

Statement II: It emerged as a response to the limitations of classical theory.

Statement I: Chester Barnard introduced the theory of authority and the zone of indifference.

Statement II: He believed in informal cooperation within organizations.

Statement I: Bureaucracy ensures personal discretion in administration.

Statement II: Weber's bureaucracy stresses impersonal rules and hierarchy.

Statement I: Fayol's principles apply only to industrial organizations.

Statement II: His principles like division of work and unity of direction are universal.

Henri Fayol's theory is often referred to as:

According to Fayol, the principle of "unity of direction" means:

Which of the following is NOT one of Fayol's 14 principles of management?

Henri Fayol is known for proposing how many principles of management?

What was the primary goal of Taylor's Scientific Management?

Which of the following is NOT a principle of Scientific Management by F.W. Taylor?

Who is considered the father of Scientific Management?

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
i. Simon – Public Administration is the activities of the executive branches of national, state, and local governments.
ii. Willoughby – Public Administration denotes only the operations of the administrative branch.
iii. D. Waldo – Public Administration is the science of management applied to legislative affairs.
iv. Pfiffner – Public Administration includes running an X-ray machine or coining money in the mint.

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
i. M.E. Dimock – Public Administration is the law in action and the executive side of government.
ii. John A. Veig – Public Administration is the study of legislative functions only.
iii. Corson & Harris – Public Administration is the action part of government to realize its purposes and goals.
iv. James W. Fesler – Public Administration is policy execution and policy formulation.

Consider the following statements about Public Administration:

1. It is concerned with the formulation and implementation of public policies for the welfare of the people.

2. It exists within a political system to achieve goals set by political decision-makers.

3. It is exclusively limited to the executive branch of government, as per all scholars.

Which of the statement(s) given above is/are correct?

Which of the following statements are correct?

1. Luther Gulick emphasized that Public Administration is primarily concerned with the executive branch.

2. F.A. Nigro stated that Public Administration is significantly different from private administration.

3. D. Waldo viewed Public Administration as the science of management applied to legislative functions only.

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
i. Ordway Tead: Administration is the central powerhouse of motivational impulsion.
ii. Herbert A. Simon: Administration involves the systematic ordering of affairs.
iii. Felix A. Nigro: Administration is the organisation and use of men and materials to accomplish a purpose.
iv. Brooks Adams: Administration is the coordination of conflicting social energies into a unity.

Which one of the following statements about administration does not align with the concept of administration as a universal process?
i. Administration is a cooperative effort of a group of people in pursuit of a common objective.
ii. Administration occurs in diverse institutional settings, including public and private sectors.
iii. Administration is primarily the direction of people in association to achieve temporarily shared goals.
iv. Administration is exclusively the management of governmental affairs in a public setting.

Consider the following statements about the scope of administration:
i. Administration is a universal process applicable in both governmental and non-governmental settings.
ii. Public administration differs from private administration based on the institutional context in which it operates.
iii. Administration, according to Luther Gulick, is limited to theoretical planning without practical execution.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Consider the following statements about the concept of administration:
i. Administration is a universal process that occurs in both public and private institutional settings.
ii. The term ‘administration’ literally means the management of affairs, whether public or private.
iii. Administration, according to L.D. White, is the art of directing, coordinating, and controlling people to achieve a purpose.