Problem-based learning (PBL) in science is primarily a student-centered approach where learning is driven by:

A key limitation of experiential learning is that:

The concept of 'reflective observation' in Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle involves:

A teacher helps a student solve a complex physics problem by breaking it down into smaller, manageable steps. This support is an example of what Vygotskian concept?

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, learning is a fundamentally _____ process.

Which of the following is a common criticism of Gagne's theory of instruction?

In Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction, which event is designed to help learners make sense of new information by connecting it to what they already know?

A key concept in Bruner's theory is the 'spiral curriculum.' What does this approach involve?

According to Bruner's theory, which mode of representation is most dominant when a child learns through direct manipulation of objects, like using building blocks to understand volume?

Which of the following is a limitation of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, particularly in the context of science education?

A student sees a new type of insect and fits it into their existing schema of 'bugs' without altering the schema. This process, according to Piaget, is known as:

According to Piaget's theory, a student who can reason about abstract concepts and form hypotheses is most likely in which stage of cognitive development?

How do you expand KCF ?

An act of the Parliament of India which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for child between the age of 6 and 14 years is :

The curriculum constructed by Kerala state, rooted on the ideas articulated in the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) is named as:

As per the NCF recommendation the total time for homework is

The enzyme deoxynucleotdyl transferase adds poly G residues in the _________ in RT-PCR

NCERT established in the year :

The existing Kerala Curriculum Framework is formulated in the year :

The existing National Curriculum Framework is formulated in the year:

National curriculum framework proposed by

Which of the following is a drawback of excessive public expenditure?

What is the impact of public expenditure on employment?

Which of the following describes the transfer payments component of public expenditure?

Which of the following describes the **transfer payments** component of public expenditure?

How does public expenditure act as a tool for **redistribution of income and wealth?

What is the economic term for the situation where an increase in government borrowing to finance public expenditure leads to an increase in interest rates and a decrease in private investment?

__________is nitrogen fixing bacteria, while ________ as a denitrifying bacteria

The muscle that bend one part over another is:

Arrangement of sepals/ petals (five in number) of which two are exterior two are interior and the fifth one partially interior and partially exterior is termed as:

The canon of benefit' of public expenditure states that spending should be:

Which of the following is a primary goal of public expenditure related to economic stabilization?

Public expenditure on health and education is considered to be **'social expenditure'** because it:

How does public expenditure on infrastructure (e.g., roads, railways) typically affect the economy?

Which of the following is NOT a core objective of the NPDM?

1. Promote a culture of prevention and resilience.
2. Enhance risk monitoring.
3. Establish a strong legal framework.
4. Reduce the role of local bodies in disaster management.

What is the role of the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) in assisting states and union territories?

1. The NDMA is mandated to assist states and union territories in developing disaster management plans and conducting mock drills.
2. The NDMA's role is limited to providing financial aid only.
3. The NDMA does not play a role in assisting state-level disaster management efforts.

_______ gives rise to acrosome of the sperm

How is the effectiveness of disaster management plans and SOPs refined?

1. Effectiveness is refined through various training methods, including seminars, simulations, and mock drills.
2. Effectiveness is refined solely through theoretical planning without practical exercises.
3. Effectiveness is not continuously assessed or refined.

Which of the following is a primary **source of financing** for public expenditure?

What is required of all central ministries, state governments, district authorities, and other stakeholders under the NPDM 2009 regarding disaster management activities?

1. They must create Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that align with national and state disaster management plans.
2. They are only required to create general disaster management guidelines.
3. They are not required to create any specific procedures.

Which of the following is a core objective of the NPDM?

1. Encourage risk mitigation by blending modern technology with traditional wisdom and environmentally sustainable practices.
2. Integrate disaster management into development planning.
3. Develop advanced early warning systems.
4. Focus solely on international cooperation for disaster management.

What approach does the NPDM emphasize for disaster management?

1. The policy emphasizes a top-down approach where only central agencies are involved.
2. The policy emphasizes a community-centric approach, empowering local communities and involving all stakeholders.
3. The policy focuses exclusively on technological solutions without community involvement.

Which act does the NPDM 2009 align with and build upon?

1. The NPDM was created to align with and build upon the Disaster Management Act of 2005.
2. The NPDM aligns with the Environment Protection Act of 1986.
3. The NPDM is independent of any previous legislation.

What is the vision of the National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM)?

1. The vision is to create a safe and resilient India through a comprehensive, forward-looking, multi-hazard, and technology-driven approach.
2. The vision is solely focused on post-disaster reconstruction.
3. The vision is to create a completely hazard-free India.

Which groups are particularly vulnerable during disasters according to the NPDM 2009 preamble?

1. Economically disadvantaged and socially marginalized groups, including women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes, are highlighted as particularly vulnerable.
2. Only economically disadvantaged groups are considered particularly vulnerable.
3. The policy does not specify any particular vulnerable groups.

What is the primary responsibility for disaster management according to the National Policy on Disaster Management (NPDM) 2009?

1. The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with the Union Government.
2. The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with the State Governments.
3. The primary responsibility for disaster management rests with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs).

What is the main difference between revenue expenditure and capital expenditure?

The **Keynesian** view on public expenditure during a recession suggests that the government should:

Under the NPDM 2009, who must create Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that align with national and state disaster management plans?

Which of the following is an example of **non-developmental public expenditure?