Which of the following statements is/are correct about the 104th Constitutional Amendment?
(i) The 104th Amendment extended reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in legislatures until January 2030.
(ii) The 104th Amendment abolished reservations for Anglo-Indian representatives in the Lok Sabha and State Legislatures.
(iii) The 104th Amendment was passed in the Rajya Sabha on 9 December 2019.
Which of the following statements is/are correct about the 103rd Constitutional Amendment?
(i) The 103rd Amendment provides for 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) in educational institutions, except minority institutions.
(ii) The 103rd Amendment was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Thawar Chand Gehlot.
(iii) The 103rd Amendment amended Article 14 to include provisions for economic reservation.
Which of the following statements is/are correct about the 102nd Constitutional Amendment?
(i) The 102nd Amendment introduced Article 338B, establishing the National Commission for Backward Classes.
(ii) The 102nd Amendment was passed in the Rajya Sabha before the Lok Sabha.
(iii) Article 342A empowers the President to specify socially and educationally backward classes for a State or Union Territory.
Which of the following statements is/are correct about the 101st Constitutional Amendment (GST)?
(i) The 101st Amendment introduced Article 246A, granting concurrent powers to Parliament and State Legislatures to levy GST.
(ii) The 101st Amendment provides for compensation to States for revenue loss due to GST implementation for a period of five years.
(iii) The GST Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha before the Rajya Sabha.
Which of the following statements is/are correct about the 97th Constitutional Amendment?
(i) The 97th Amendment introduced Part IX-B, which includes Articles 243 ZH to 243 ZT, to regulate cooperative societies.
(ii) The board of a cooperative society can be superseded for a maximum period of six months if it commits acts prejudicial to the interests of its members.
(iii) Co-opted members of a cooperative society’s board have the right to vote in elections of office bearers.
Which among the following statements are not true with regard to the 106th Constitutional Amendment?
The 106th Amendment is also known as the Nari Shakti Vandana Adhiniyam.
The 106th Amendment provides for 33% reservation for women in the Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies, and Delhi Legislative Assembly.
The 106th Amendment was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Thawar Chand Gehlot.
The 106th Amendment received Presidential assent on 21 September 2023.
Consider the indigenous systems for water management in deserts. Which statement is accurate?
- The qanat system involves transporting water through underground tunnels.
- Qanats are common in North America.
- Water is transported uphill by gravity in a qanat.
- The system ensures equitable distribution and sustainable use through community management.
Which among the following statements are not true with regard to the 104th Constitutional Amendment?
The 104th Amendment extended reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha and State Legislatures until January 2030.
The 104th Amendment abolished reservations for Anglo-Indian representatives in the Lok Sabha and State Legislatures.
The 104th Amendment amended Article 338.
The 104th Amendment was introduced in the Lok Sabha by Ravi Shankar Prasad.
Which among the following statements are not true with regard to the 103rd Constitutional Amendment?
The 103rd Amendment provides for 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) in educational institutions and government appointments.
The 103rd Amendment amended Articles 15 and 16 to include provisions for EWS reservation.
The first state to implement the 10% EWS reservation was Kerala.
The 103rd Amendment came into force on 12 January 2019.
What are 'wadis' in the context of desert water sources?
- Channels that are dry except during the rainy season.
- A type of underground water storage system.
- Natural springs found within desert areas.
- Areas with permanent vegetation due to underground water.
Which among the following statements are not true with regard to the 101st Constitutional Amendment (GST)?
The 101st Amendment empowered both Parliament and State Legislatures to levy GST on intra-state transactions.
The GST Council was established under Article 279A.
The 101st Amendment repealed Article 268A.
The 101st Amendment came into force on 8 September 2016.
Identify the correct statements about exotic rivers.
- They originate in rainy areas beyond the desert's margins.
- The Nile in Egypt is an example of an exotic river.
- They are dry except during the rainy season.
- Their water source is typically within the desert itself.
Which among the following statements are not true with regard to the 97th Constitutional Amendment?
The 97th Amendment added the right to form cooperative societies as a fundamental right under Article 19(1)(c).
The maximum number of board members in a cooperative society, as per Article 243 ZJ, is 25.
The 97th Amendment came into force on 12 January 2012.
Article 43B promotes voluntary formation, democratic control, and professional management of cooperative societies.
Which of the following are permanent sources of water in a desert?
- Oasis
- Wadis
- Exotic rivers
- Artesian wells
What are the characteristics of desert flora?
- Desert plants are typically tall trees with broad leaves to maximize photosynthesis.
- Most desert plants are xerophytes, adapted to survive with minimal water.
- Vegetation is abundant in all deserts, regardless of location.
- Desert plants cannot withstand long periods of drought.
Consider the statement about the camel in desert ecosystems. Which option is correct?
- The camel is poorly adapted to desert life and struggles with heat and water scarcity.
- The camel is known as the 'Ship of the Desert' due to its excellent adaptations for survival in arid environments.
- Camels primarily obtain water by consuming large amounts of vegetation.
- Camels are small desert animals, often active during the day.
Which statements accurately describe desert vegetation?
- Desert vegetation is sparse and generally lacks adaptations for water conservation.
- Xerophytes are a common type of desert plant adapted to survive with minimal water.
- North American deserts typically have less vegetation compared to Asian deserts.
- The Saguaro cactus is an example of a plant that can grow to a significant height in desert environments.
Identify the characteristics of animals commonly found in desert environments.
- Most desert animals are large mammals like elephants and rhinoceroses.
- Many desert animals are nocturnal to avoid extreme daytime temperatures.
- Small desert animals like rats, lizards, snakes, spiders, and scorpions are common.
- Large desert animals are exclusively herbivores.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the flora and fauna found in desert ecosystems?
- Desert ecosystems are characterized by a lack of biodiversity due to harsh environmental conditions.
- Plants in deserts, known as xerophytes, are adapted to survive with minimal water and tolerate drought.
- The Saguaro cactus in the Sonoran desert is an example of a typically tall desert plant.
- Asian deserts generally support more vegetation than North American deserts.
Which of the following statements about agricultural productivity in desert regions is false?
- Regions like the Nile Valley, Imperial Valley, and Indus Valley are agriculturally productive due to irrigation.
- Desert soils are generally fertile and do not require special management practices.
- Vulnerability to salt build-up is a concern in irrigated desert agricultural areas.
- Water logging can be a problem in agricultural areas within desert regions.
Which of the following statements accurately describes desert soils?
- Desert soils are formed under humid conditions.
- Leaching is a significant process in the formation of desert soils due to the presence of abundant water.
- The lack of organic matter results in pale coloration, such as pale grey and pale red.
- Desert soils are generally infertile and cannot support crop production even with irrigation.