What role does disaster mitigation play in societal resilience?
- Mitigation primarily focuses on post-disaster response and recovery efforts, rather than prevention.
- By reducing the severity and impact of disasters, mitigation helps societies bounce back faster and with less damage.
- Mitigation efforts contribute to sustainable development by protecting infrastructure and livelihoods from future hazards.
- The main goal of mitigation is to completely eliminate all natural hazards.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the philosophy behind different mitigation approaches?
- The approach described as 'man-controlling nature' primarily refers to non-structural mitigation measures.
- 'Man adapts nature' emphasizes how humans adjust their behavior and systems to coexist with natural hazards, characterizing non-structural approaches.
- Structural measures are best exemplified by the 'man adapts nature' philosophy, as they involve adapting existing structures.
- Reinforcing buildings and constructing dams are direct examples of the 'man-controlling nature' philosophy.
Identify the correct statements among the following concerning key components of non-structural mitigation.
- Institution building involves strengthening organizations that are part of disaster management.
- Incentives are mechanisms that discourage safe practices by increasing costs.
- Community participation ensures that residents are engaged in preparedness efforts.
- Responding to warning systems is a structural measure involving the construction of physical barriers.
- Financial protection against disaster losses, like insurance, is a key non-structural component.
Which of the following statements regarding non-structural mitigation measures is/are incorrect?
- Non-structural measures are easily seen and touched, making their impact immediately visible.
- Legislation, insurance, and public awareness campaigns are examples of non-structural mitigation.
- This approach is also known as 'Man adapts nature,' emphasizing human adjustment to hazards.
- Non-structural measures primarily focus on reinforcing physical buildings and infrastructure.
Regarding structural mitigation measures, which of the following statements is/are true?
- Engineered structures are designed and built by qualified architects and engineers to enhance disaster resistance.
- Non-engineered structures are typically built by local communities using traditional knowledge and are generally disaster-resistant.
- Bridges and dams are examples of non-engineered structures.
- The construction of new facilities designed to withstand seismic activity falls under engineered structures.
Consider the following statements regarding different types of disaster mitigation measures.
- Structural measures are tangible interventions that are easily observed, such as constructing disaster-resistant infrastructure.
- Non-structural measures are intangible, focusing on aspects like education and public awareness, and are often less important than structural measures.
- The 'man-controlling nature' approach is primarily associated with structural mitigation.
- Non-structural measures are easily quantified, unlike structural measures.
Which of the following statements about disaster mitigation is/are correct?
- Mitigation refers to any action taken to reduce the severity or impact of a disaster.
- Mitigation measures are exclusively physical and structural in nature.
- Mitigation strategies can involve both structural and non-structural approaches.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the Inter-State Council:
The Inter-State Council Secretariat, established in 1991, also functions as the secretariat for the Zonal Councils since 2011.
The Council’s standing committee is chaired by the Prime Minister.
The Council can investigate and discuss subjects of common interest between the Centre and the states.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)?
The UPSC is consulted on methods of recruitment, appointments, promotions, and transfers for All India Services and Central Services.
The chairman of the UPSC can be removed by the President only after an inquiry by the Supreme Court for misbehaviour.
The UPSC’s recommendations are binding on the Union Government.
Which of the following statements are correct about the All India Services?
The All India Services Act, 1951, allows the Central Government to determine the conditions of service in consultation with state governments.
Officers of the All India Services are appointed to state cadres but can be deputed to Central Services.
The salaries and pensions of All India Services officers are paid by the Central Government.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding Zonal Councils?
Each Zonal Council is chaired by the Home Minister of the Central Government.
The Chief Ministers of the states in a zone act as vice-chairmen by rotation for a period of one year.
The Zonal Councils are constitutional bodies established under Article 263.
Which of the following statements are correct about the Inter-State Council?
The Inter-State Council was established in 1990 following the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission.
It includes six Central cabinet ministers, including the Home Minister, as permanent members.
The Council is required to meet at least twice a year.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956?
It empowers the Central Government to establish an ad hoc tribunal for resolving disputes over inter-state river waters.
The Supreme Court retains jurisdiction over disputes referred to the tribunal.
The tribunal’s decision is final and binding on the parties involved.
Consider the following statements regarding the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC):
The UPSC is consulted on all disciplinary matters affecting civil servants under the Union or All India Services.
The chairman of the UPSC is eligible for further employment under the Government of India or a state after ceasing to hold office.
The expenses of the UPSC are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and are not subject to a vote in Parliament.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements about the All India Services:
The Central Government has the ultimate control over All India Services, while immediate control lies with the state governments.
Officers of the All India Services are appointed by the respective State Public Service Commissions.
The Indian Forest Service was established in 1966 under the All India Services Act, 1951.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements regarding Zonal Councils:
Zonal Councils were established under the States Reorganisation Act of 1956 to promote cooperation among states.
The Home Minister of the Central Government is the common chairman of all Zonal Councils.
The North-Eastern Council was created under the same Act as the other Zonal Councils.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Consider the following statements about the Inter-State Council under Article 263:
The Inter-State Council was established based on the recommendations of the Sarkaria Commission.
The Council includes the Prime Minister as the Chairman and all Chief Ministers of states as members.
The Council has the authority to enforce its recommendations on inter-state and Centre-state relations.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?