The business philosophy of Lean Management originated from:

Lean Management primarily aims to:

Which of the following is an example of personalization in customer relationship management?

How does technology-driven personalization impact customer loyalty?

How do AI chatbots enhance customer service?

What is a primary function of CRM software in managing customer relationships?

Which of the following is a benefit of AI in decision-making used by banks?

How does automation and robotics impact productivity in operations?

What role do ERP systems play in management operations?

Which digital tools help facilitate effective communication in modern management?

How does technology improve decision-making in management?

What technology marks the Fourth Industrial Revolution (NOW)?

Which of these is NOT a role of technology in management?

Which of the following is an example of innovation in management?

What role does technology play in management?

What is the main benefit of Sprint Retrospective in Scrum?

How does Scrum improve product quality and customer satisfaction?

What is the purpose of the Daily Scrum (Stand-up) event in Scrum?

Why are Scrum teams described as self-organizing?

What is a key feature of Scrum that helps deliver value continuously to customers?

In Scrum, the main development cycle that usually lasts 2–4 weeks is called:

Scrum can best be described as:

A key difference between Agile and traditional methods like Waterfall is that Agile:

Agile was developed as a reaction to which traditional project management method that lacked flexibility?

The Agile Manifesto was created in 2001 by:

In Agile, big projects are divided into smaller, manageable parts called:

Agile management is primarily characterized by:

Which of the following Indian companies was influenced by Japan’s quality revolution and adopted practices like Kaizen and PDCA?

Japan’s adoption of TQM and quality management principles after World War II eventually led the nation to become:

During which period did Japan’s quality revolution inspire the TQM movement in the West?

Which Japanese company is especially known for adopting the principles of Total Quality Management and contributing to the development of the Kaizen (continuous improvement) culture?

The 80/20 principle associated with quality management is related to:

Joseph M. Juran is best known for:

The Deming Prize, established in 1951, is awarded to organizations for excellence in:

Who introduced Statistical Process Control (SPC) and the PDCA Cycle (Plan–Do–Check–Act) in Japan?

The context in which modern quality management (TQM) in Japan emerged was:

Total Quality Management (TQM) can best be described as:

Consider the following arguments about CSR:

1. It helps avoid government regulation and strengthens company’s public image.

2. It imposes unnecessary costs on businesses, which may ultimately burden consumers.

Which of these statements reflect supporting arguments and which reflect criticisms of CSR?

Match the following categories of social responsibility of business with their descriptions:

A. Economic Responsibility — (i) Voluntary philanthropic contributions
B. Legal Responsibility — (ii) Compliance with laws and regulations
C. Ethical Responsibility — (iii) Moral expectations not mandated by law
D. Discretionary Responsibility — (iv) Producing profitable products and services

Which of the following is the correct match?

Consider the following statements regarding CSR in India:

1. CSR is legally mandated under the Companies Act, 2013 (Clause 135).

2. Companies must spend at least 5% of their average net profit of the past three years on CSR.

3. Activities exclusively benefiting company employees are not valid CSR initiatives.

According to Ferrell and Gresham’s Multi-Stage Model:

1. Individual moral compass, organizational culture, and opportunity influence ethical actions.

2. Industry norms and cultural standards play no role in ethical decision-making.

Consider the following statements about Virtue-Based Decision-Making:

1. It focuses on the character traits of the decision-maker, such as honesty or generosity.

2. It provides universally accepted, clear-cut rules to resolve ethical dilemmas.

Consider the following statements regarding Consequence-Based Decision-Making:

1. It evaluates a decision by considering outcomes like benefits, costs, and human well-being.

2. It always ensures that individual emotions and values are given prime importance.

Which of the above statements is/are correct?

Assertion (A): The business environment is dynamic and requires constant analysis and adaptation by companies.
Reason (R): Technological changes, shifting consumer trends, and regulatory developments all contribute to environmental dynamism.

Assertion (A): The organizational environment consists of both internal and external factors that influence a company’s operations.
Reason (R): Internal factors include company policies, management style, and resources, while external factors include customers, suppliers, competitors, and legal trends.

Which of the following internal factors directly affect the planning and decision-making process within an organization?

i. Company mission and objectives
ii. Research and development (R&D) capabilities
iii. Economic inflation rate
iv. Value system of the founders

Select the statements that accurately describe the business environment feature of complexity:

i. The business environment is simple and easy to analyze.
ii. Multiple interconnected factors make predicting future events difficult.
iii. Businesses need to be flexible due to the uncertainty and rapid changes in the environment.

Read the following statements and choose the correct option:

i. The macro environment includes political, economic, social, technological, legal, and environmental factors.
ii. The micro environment consists of customers, suppliers, competitors, and intermediaries.
iii. Macro environment factors can be directly controlled by the organization.
iv. Micro environment factors are completely uncontrollable by the organization.

Which of the following statements about internal factors are correct?

i. Management style and company objectives are internal factors of the organization.
ii. Supplier relationships and customer preferences are considered internal factors.
iii. Company image, employee morale, and physical resources are examples of internal factors.
iv. Government policies are part of the internal environment.

Which of the following are characteristics of a dynamic business environment?

i. It remains the same over time, regardless of changes in society or technology.
ii. It requires businesses to adapt continuously due to external influences and shifting trends.
iii. It is influenced by factors such as technological advancements and government policy changes.
iv. Organizations can completely control all aspects of their environment.