With reference to public sector organizations, consider the following statements:
i. They are fully or partially owned by central, state, or local government bodies.
ii. Their primary aim is to earn profits for government stakeholders.
iii. They provide goods and services at lower rates compared to private organizations.
iv. They operate in areas such as police, military, and education.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

Match the following organizations with their examples.
i. Public Sector Organization a. Wipro
ii. Private Sector Organization b. ONGC
iii. Non-Profit Organization c. Akshaya Patra Foundation
iv. Multinational Corporation d. Reliance

Consider the following statements regarding the characteristics of management as a profession:

1. A profession is a highly specialized field requiring technical skills, but not necessarily a formal body of knowledge.
2. Management has been historically viewed as a profession but has become less so over time due to the influence of various scientific theories.
3. The rise of management as a profession has led to a separation of ownership and management, where managers, who are not necessarily owners, are hired to run the organization based on their expertise.

Evaluate the following statements regarding the influence and application of Henry Fayol's principles of management:

1. Fayol's principle of Scalar Chain is always a rigid, unbroken line of authority that does not allow for cross-communication between employees at the same hierarchical level.
2. The principle of Initiative is fundamental to modern management as it encourages managers to develop and implement new ideas to drive innovation.
3. Fayol's principles, though developed for industrial management, are general and can be applied to all types of organizations, from government departments to small businesses.

The most pathetic and tragic moment in the novel occurs when Santiago stops for a moment, looks back, and sees.

Consider the contributions of early management thinkers to the field.

1. Robert Owen, a social reformer, is credited with emphasizing the human relations aspect of management by introducing welfare measures in his factories.
2. Henry Robinson Towne argued that management was an exact science and urged manufacturers to apply scientific and mathematical methods instead of opinions.
3. Charles Babbage is noted for introducing the differential piece-rate system, where workers were paid based on their efficiency, an idea later refined by F.W. Taylor.

Santiago is compared with religious figure.

. Manolin's parents don't want him to fish with the old man because he is "salao" or......

How much money does Santiago feel the fish might be worth?

Evaluate the following statements regarding the differences between Classical and Modern theories of management:

1. Classical Theory primarily views the organization as a closed system, focusing on internal efficiency through structure and control, while ignoring the external environment.
2. Modern Theory, particularly the Systems Approach, sees the organization as an open system that is heavily influenced by and must adapt to its external environment.
3. The principles of Classical Theory are no longer relevant in today's dynamic business environment and have been completely replaced by the Modern Theory.

How does Santiago feel about the fish that he is battling with?

As the novel opens, Santiago has not caught a fish for........days

Consider the following statements, contrasting the Scientific Management and Human Relations approaches:

1. Scientific Management views the worker as a social being, with psychological and emotional needs that influence their productivity.
2. Human Relations emphasizes that productivity is directly linked to the physical working conditions and economic incentives provided to the employees.
3. The Hawthorne Experiments, a cornerstone of the Human Relations approach, concluded that informal social groups and the feeling of being part of a team have a more significant impact on productivity than financial rewards.

Evaluate the following statements regarding Fayol's principles of management:

1. The principle of Discipline primarily ensures that all employees are treated with justice and kindness, which fosters a friendly atmosphere and loyalty to the firm.
2. The principle of Remuneration states that a fair day's pay for a fair day's work should be provided, taking into account the cost of living, the work's nature, and the employee's merit.
3. Both the principles of Discipline and Remuneration are crucial for maintaining the stability and morale of the workforce, directly impacting the organization's efficiency.

According to Johnson, when did the Metaphysical poets emerge?

Who formally introduced the term "Metaphysical poets"?

In which of his works did Dryden mention that Donne "affects the Metaphysics"?

Who first used the term "Metaphysics" in connection with John Donne?

In the sentence, "You're coming, aren't you?", which intonation pattern is likely used?

How does intonation help differentiate meaning in identical sentences?

What is the term for intonation patterns that span across entire sentences?

Which type of intonation is used for listing items?

What is the primary purpose of intonation in speech?

What does rising intonation typically indicate?

Falling intonation is commonly used for ____.

Which type of intonation is used for yes / no questions in English?

What is intonation in phonetics?

What happens to unstressed syllables in English?

In stress-timed languages like English, ____.

Which sentence demonstrates contrastive stress?

In the word "photograph", which syllable is stressed?

What is the primary function of stress in English?

The "Hawthorne Experiments" were led by which prominent figure?

Who is known for advocating for the use of science and mathematics in solving business problems instead of relying on opinions and guesswork?

Which historical period saw the development of a formal theory of management become "absolutely necessary" due to the complex structure of industry following the Industrial Revolution?

What is the main purpose of "Fatigue Study" under Scientific Management?

The principle of management that states each member of an organization must receive orders from only one superior is known as:

What is the primary distinction between "Administration" and "Management" in terms of their core function?

What are the three broad categories of management levels in an organization?

The Systems Approach to management views an organization as:

Which of the following describes the nature of administration ?

what is the purpose of a "Time Study"?

Which of Fayol's principles of management states that all members of an organization must work together to accomplish common objectives?

Which management pioneer advocated for a bonus to be paid to workers in proportion to their own efficiency and the success of the enterprise?

The Hawthorne Experiments were primarily conducted to investigate the relationship between:

The "Mental Revolution" concept in scientific management refers to:

Which of the following is NOT one of the six groups of general and industrial management as identified by Henry Fayol?

Who is considered the "Father of Personnel Management"?

With reference to Non-Profit Organisations, which of the following statements are correct?

1. NPOs are expected to be value-based and serve public or social purposes.

2. They are legally required to distribute profits to shareholders.

3. Examples include organisations like Pratham and Teach For India, which focus on education.

With reference to Private Organisations, which of the following statements are correct?

1. Private organisations can raise capital through issuing shares and debentures.

2. They operate in sectors like information technology, hospitality, and pharmaceuticals.

3. Their primary motive is to provide public services at subsidized rates.