Which of the following statements are correct regarding the amendment procedure under Article 368?
A constitutional amendment bill requires a special majority in each House of Parliament, defined as a majority of the total membership and two-thirds of members present and voting.
There is no provision for a joint sitting of both Houses to resolve disagreements over a constitutional amendment bill.
Amendments to federal provisions require ratification by at least half of the state legislatures by a simple majority.
What are the proposed strategies for making e-governance successful nationwide?
- Identifying and developing cost-efficient hardware and software platforms.
- Storing knowledge in a central repository and making it available through demonstrations and training.
- Offering pre-defined, customizable models for central and state government agencies.
- Focusing solely on hardware development without considering software applications.
Identify the false statement regarding the implementation of e-governance in India.
- The development of effective and cost-efficient hardware and software platforms is a primary goal for e-governance.
- Central and state government agencies are expected to develop all e-governance models from scratch.
- Sharing knowledge and providing training programs are essential for successful e-governance.
- Customization of pre-defined models is suggested to meet specific geographical needs.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments.
The 73rd Amendment added Part IX to the Constitution, dealing with Panchayats, while the 74th Amendment added Part IXA, dealing with Municipalities.
The Eleventh Schedule, added by the 73rd Amendment, contains 18 subjects related to the powers and responsibilities of Panchayats.
Which of the following statements accurately describe the challenges and solutions for e-governance in India?
- Organizations like C-DAC and CMC have developed hardware and software for e-governance.
- E-governance success requires addressing technological issues systematically.
- The focus should be on developing expensive, high-end hardware and software for public services.
- A central repository for e-governance knowledge and customizable models for government agencies are proposed solutions.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the 44th Constitutional Amendment.
It restored the powers of the Supreme Court and High Courts to conduct judicial review of ordinances.
It abolished the right to property as a fundamental right and placed it under Part XII as Article 300A.
What does standardization in e-governance aim to achieve for citizens?
- A more reliable and predictable experience when accessing government services online.
- Reduced need to understand different government agency procedures.
- A more complex and confusing online environment.
What does standardization in e-governance aim to achieve for citizens?
- A more reliable and predictable experience when accessing government services online.
- Reduced need to understand different government agency procedures.
- A more complex and confusing online environment.
What is a key benefit of interoperability in e-governance?
- Seamless communication and information sharing between different government systems.
- Increased redundancy in government IT infrastructure.
- Reduced need for data security protocols.
Which aspect of e-governance is directly addressed by standardization?
- The way government services are named online.
- The technology used for delivering government services.
- The cost of individual government projects.
- The privacy policies of social media platforms.
How does standardization contribute to trust in e-governance?
- By establishing clear and consistent naming conventions for websites and email addresses.
- By making it easier for citizens to identify and rely on official government platforms.
- By allowing any entity to create government-like services without oversight.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the Anti-Defection Law under the 52nd and 91st Amendments.
The 91st Amendment removed the exemption from disqualification for defection in cases of a split in a political party.
A nominated member can join a political party within six months of taking their seat without inviting disqualification.
What are the consequences of lacking standardization in e-governance?
- A fragmented and inconsistent user experience across government agencies.
- Difficulties in ensuring different government systems can communicate effectively.
- Increased ease for citizens to identify official government platforms.
- Enhanced trust in online government services.
Why is standardization important in e-governance?
- It ensures consistency in how government services are experienced by citizens.
- It allows different government systems to communicate and share information.
- It helps citizens identify and trust official government platforms.
- It leads to a fragmented user experience.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the 42nd Constitutional Amendment.
It amended the Preamble to replace "Sovereign Democratic Republic" with "Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic."
It reduced the tenure of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 5 years to 4 years.
What is the primary challenge in establishing e-governance?
- Establishing a universal set of standards for technology and service delivery.
- Ensuring each government agency develops unique systems.
- Limiting the number of online government services.
Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the amendment procedure of the Indian Constitution.
A constitutional amendment bill can be initiated in either House of Parliament or by state legislatures.
The President is constitutionally obligated to give assent to a constitutional amendment bill.
Which statement best describes the 'brick and mortar' approach to e-governance service delivery?
- It involves using existing physical government facilities as points of access for digital services.
- It signifies a complete shift away from digital platforms towards traditional paper-based services.
- It requires citizens to purchase computers to access government services.
- It is a strategy to phase out all government post offices.
What is the primary goal of the proposed e-governance framework?
- The main objective is to develop a framework that ensures digital services are accessible even to the most disadvantaged populations.
- The goal is to exclusively serve urban populations with high internet access.
- The aim is to increase the reliance on personal computers for all government services.
- The focus is on reducing the number of physical government offices.
How do Government Post Offices help in delivering e-governance services?
- They act as 'brick and mortar' delivery points for e-governance services.
- They provide a physical location for citizens to access online services.
- They help bridge the digital divide by offering a trusted government institution for access.
- They are a practical way to ensure digital benefits reach everyone regardless of location or technology access.
Which existing infrastructure is proposed as a solution to deliver e-governance services?
- The solution proposed is to utilize the extensive network of Government Post Offices.
- The proposal involves setting up new cyber cafes in every village.
- The idea is to rely solely on mobile applications for service delivery.
- The suggestion is to partner with private internet service providers.
What is a major challenge for e-governance in ensuring service delivery to all citizens?
- Low internet penetration is a significant hurdle for effective e-governance service delivery.
- E-governance services are easily accessible to all citizens due to widespread PC ownership.
- The primary challenge is the lack of digital literacy among the general population.
- Ensuring services reach disadvantaged populations with limited access to technology is a key concern.
What is the main challenge in creating an e-governance authentication system?
- Making the system both secure and sustainable.
- Ensuring the system is costly to implement.
- Reducing the need for user verification.
- Ignoring the integrity of transactions.
What role do digital signatures play in e-governance authentication?
- They are the primary method for verifying a user's identity online.
- They require minimal infrastructure and no updates.
- They are a cost-effective solution for authentication.
- They help in providing security by confirming a user's identity.